Effects of Cydonia oblonga Miller extracts on blood hemostasis,coagulation and fibrinolysis in mice,and experimental thrombosis in rats

Introduction

Cydonia oblonga Miller (COM) is traditionally used in Uyghur medicine for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. The present study is designed to explore the effects of COM extracts on models and markers of thrombosis and related biomarkers.

Materials and methods

20, 40, 80 mg/kg/day COM aqueous extracts and 5 mg/kg/day aspirin, orally for 14 days were compared to untreated controls in mice on bleeding and clotting times, using the tail cutting and glass slide methods and for death rates in collagen–epinephrine pulmonary thrombosis, thrombolysis in vitro and euglobulin lysis time (ELT). In rats, common carotid artery FeCl₃-induced thrombus and inferior vena cava thrombosis occlusion time, plasma concentrations of thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) and 6-keto-prostaglandine F₁α (6-keto-PGF1α) were measured.

Results and conclusion

Compared to controls, COM extracts dose-dependently prolonged bleeding by 2.17, 2.78 and 3.63 times, vs. aspirin 2.58, and the clotting time by 1.44, 2.47 and 2.48 times, vs. aspirin 1.91. COM reduced pulmonary embolus mortality by 27, 40 and 53%, vs. 47% for aspirin. COM dose-dependently increased thrombolysis by 45, 55 and 63%, vs. 56% for aspirin, and shortened ELT to 71, 61 and 43%, vs. 43% for aspirin. In rats, venous occlusion time was prolonged. Arterial and venous thrombus weights were dose-dependently reduced in COM groups. TXB₂ decreased and 6-keto-PGF1α increased with COM and aspirin, with an association between 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 and arterial or venous thrombus weight for all products, and for occlusion time with COM but not for aspirin.

Conclusion

We confirm the experimental effects of COM on hemostasis and thrombosis. Further exploration of putative clinical effects appear justified.