超声波对大鼠附睾管上皮及小管周组织超微结构的影响

本研究用超声波照射大鼠睾丸及附睾10分钟(1瓦/厘米~2及1.75瓦/厘米~2,800千周连续波),电镜观察照射后1小时至5个月之间不同阶段附睾管上皮及小管周组织超微结构改变。超声波1瓦/厘米~2和1.75瓦/厘米~2所致超微结构损伤的基本变化相似,但后者的损伤一般较重。上皮的主细胞和小管周组织的平滑肌细胞对超声波敏感。照射后1～4小时主细胞和平滑肌细胞已出现明显的形态学改变。3～7天后主细胞和平滑肌细胞退变显著,并出现固有膜增厚及内凸。5个月后,主细胞和平滑肌细胞大多形态正常,但小管周组织厚度的增加及固有膜内凸仍然存在。主细胞的主要改变是微绒毛肿胀,高尔基复合体囊泡及内质网腔扩大,胞浆内及微绒毛区髓样结构增多。主细胞基部可出现许多大空泡导致与基膜的分离。平滑肌细胞也多出现胞浆大空泡。超声波导致的附睾超微结构改变在许多方面与微波所致的改变相似。

ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND ON EPITHELIUM AND PERITUBULAR TISSUE OF DUCTUS EPIDIDYMIS IN RAT

The scrota and testes of the rats were exposed to a dose of ultrasound, 1.0 W/cm~2 or 1.75 W/cm~2 for 10 minutes. Ultrastructural changes of the epithelium and peritubular tissue of ductus epididymis were studied at different intervals from 1 hour to 5 months after the treatment.The basic ultrastractural damage induced by a dose of 1 W/cm~2 was similar to 1.75 W/cm~2, but the damage induced by 1.75 W/cm~2 was more serious than that of 1 W/cm~2. The principle cells of the epithelium and the smooth muscle cells of the peritubular tissue were both sensitive to the ultrasound treatment. Pronounced morphological changes of the principle cells and the smooth muscle cells were found within 1～4 hours following exposure. After 3～7 days, more degeneration of the principle cells and smooth muscle cells were increased. The thickening and infolding of the proper lamina also appeared in this period. Most of the principle cells and smooth muscle cells returned to normal appearance after 5 months, but the thickening of proper lamina was still present.The main alterations in principle cells were swelling of the microvilli, dilatation of the Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum, and many myelin figures in the cytoplasm. In addition, some large vacuoles in the basal cytoplasm of the principle cells were found at times. The vacuoles also appeared in the cytoplasm of the smooth muscle cells.The ultrastructural changes of ductus epididymidis induced by ultrasound and microwave were similar in many respects.