灾害救援护理备灾体系的构建与管理

目的：探讨培养和储备“一人多能”、“多能一专”、“多学科交叉专病护理”的突发性公共事件紧急医疗救援备灾护士的管理实践。方法从全院考核择优选拔出12名骨干护士，分别在急诊科、ICU、手术室、产科、血液净化中心等进行院内培训、优先参加院外进修学习，重点掌握相关专业急救知识和技能。结果护理备灾体系的建立促进科研教学水平；备灾护士在突发性公共事件的抢救护理中作用地位凸显；备灾护士的急救理论成绩由培训前的平均78.50分上升到90.60分、急救技能则由84.35分提高到94.56分，综合业务素质明显提高，得到医生、同事及社会一致认可。结论构建护理备灾体系对全面提升护士灾害救护能力有重要意义，是体现护理学在救援医学中地位和作用的路径之一。

Construction and Management of Disaster Nursing and Emergency Preparedness System

Objective To study the training of medical multi-disciplinary or interdisciplinary nurses in public emergency rescue. Methods Twelve backbones from nursing staff were selected and trained respectively in Emergency Department, ICU, operating room, obstetrics, blood purification center in and out of the hospital to master first-aid knowledge and skills. Results Disaster nursing and emergency preparedness system, in which nurses ’ role in public emergency rescue was highlighted, played an important role in the research and teaching of the whole hospital. Disaster preparedness nurses ’ average scores of medical theory tests increased from 78.50 to 90.60 after training and their scores of first-aid skills increased from 84.35 to 94.56. The nursing service quality increased significantly and was unanimously approved by doctors, peer nurses and society. Conclusion It is important to set up the disaster nursing and emergency preparedness system to improve nursing disaster rescue ability comprehensively.