中低频噪声对电力生产工人健康影响的调查研究

目的　了解中低频噪声接触对电力生产工人健康的影响 ,为采取切实有效的防范措施提供依据。方法　采用现场环境噪声测试和职业性健康体检等方法进行调查研究。结果　中低频噪声接触组工人在 0 5～ 6kHz各频段的听力损伤均明显高于对照组(P <0 .0 1) ,而且 ,接噪组工人高频听力损伤、语频听力损伤检出率分别明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,接噪组工人以头痛、头晕、失眠等症状为主的神经衰弱综合征以及耳鸣、不同程度的消化系统症状的检出率明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。中低频噪声对作业人员心血管系统的影响 ,主要表现为高血压、心电图异常检出率明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而且 ,心电图异常以窦性心动过缓、窦性心律不齐及心肌缺血多见 ,与对照组比较 ,差异均具有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。另外 ,噪声对血脂的影响表现血清甘油三酯、胆固醇含量的增高 ,两组结果差异存在非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　中低频噪声接触导致作业工人听觉系统、神经系统、心血管系统、消化系统以及代谢功能的影响。

Effect of middle and low frequency noise on the health of electricity producing workers

To learn the effect of middle and low frequency noise on the health of electricity producing workers, and to provide basis for finding effective preventive measures.Investigation was conducted with noise testing on sites and occupational physical examination. The rate of hearing injuries among the middle and low frequency noise exposed group is significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The detected rate of high frequency injuries and VB frequency injuries of the noise-exposed group is also significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The detected rate of the symptoms of neurasthenic syndrome like headache, dizziness, sleeplessness among the noise-exposed group is significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The effect of middle and low frequency noise on workers' cardiovascular system, which symptoms are mainly hypertension, abnormal EGG, among the noise-exposed group is significantly higher than that of the control group. The abnormality of EGG is mainly sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, and myocardial ischemia, which is significantly higher than that of the control group (P<001). Significant difference also exists in the effect of noise on blood lipid, which is mainly the content of triglyceride in serum and cholesterol.Conclusion]Middle and low frequency noise may affect workers' hearing system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, digestive system and metabolism.