恶性肿瘤患者及家属营养健康教育现状和需求调查

目的了解肿瘤患者及其家属营养健康教育的现状和需求，为肿瘤患者提供更精准的营养教育依据。方法连续入组2019年1—5月复旦大学附属中山医院肿瘤内科和放射治疗科住院恶性肿瘤患者及家属作为调查对象进行问卷调查。获得443份有效问卷。结果肿瘤患者及家属对营养知识需求迫切，更需要面对面交流；营养教育营养师参与较少，患者和家属更倾向于听取医生护士意见，仅10%左右患者和家属参加过正规医疗机构肿瘤营养宣教活动，大部分患者和家属都认为肿瘤营养知识有很多矛盾（87.1%、88.5%）和可信度不高（74.19%、66.37%），且认为目前的信息无法解决疑惑（76.5%、69.03%）。近90%患者忌口，只有15%患者使用医用营养品，患者希望获得的健康教育形式以床旁一对一宣教最多、现场讲座和微信公众号次之。结论恶性肿瘤患者及其家属迫切需要规范的营养健康教育宣教，营养师应协同医务人员采取多种形式最大程度为患者及家属提供营养健康教育和营养支持以利于患者康复。

Survey on nutritional education status and needs among cancer patients and their families

ObjectiveTo survey the nutritional education status and needs among cancer patients and their families. MethodsFrom January to May 2019, a total of 443 hospitalized cancer patients and their families were enrolled in the survey from the Oncology Department and Radiotherapy Department of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. ResultsCancer patients and their families had an urgent need for nutrition knowledge and face-to-face counseling. Patients and their families were more likely to obtain the nutritional knowledge from doctors and nurses, thus dieticians were less involved in nutritional education. Only about 10% of patients and their families had received nutritional education in formal medical institutions. Most patients and their family members believed that nutrition knowledge of cancer was contradictory(87.1%, 88.5%), unreliable(74.19%, 66.37%) and unable to resolve doubts(76.5%, 69.0%). Nearly 90% of cancer patients had dietary taboos, while only 15% of them used nutrition supplements for medical purpose. The most desired form of health education for patients was one-to-one education at the bedside, followed by lectures and WeChat. ConclusionCancer patients and their families urgently need regular nutrition education. Dieticians should cooperate with medical staffs to provide nutrition education and support for patients and their families in multiple ways to facilitate the recovery of cancer patients.