Hidden Sources of Grapefruit in Beverages: Potential Interactions with Immunosuppressant Medications |
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Authors: | Ashley A. Auten Lauren N. Beauchamp Joshua Taylor Karen L. Hardinger |
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Affiliation: | *PharmD Candidate.;†Clinical Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice, University of Missouri-Kansas City. |
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Abstract: | Purpose:The interaction between grapefruit-containing beverages and immunosuppressants is not well defined in the literature. This study was conducted to investigate possible sources of grapefruit juice or grapefruit extract in common US-manufactured beverages. The goal was to identify those products that might serve as hidden sources of dietary grapefruit intake, increasing a transplant patient’s risk for drug interactions.Methods:A careful review of the ingredients of the 3 largest US beverage manufacturer’s product lines was conducted through manufacturer correspondence, product labeling examination, and online nutrition database research. Focus was placed on citrus-flavored soft drinks, teas, and juice products and their impact on a patient’s immunosuppressant regimens.Results:Twenty-three beverages were identified that contained grapefruit. Five did not contain the word “grapefruit” in the product name. In addition to the confirmed grapefruit-containing products, 17 products were identified as possibly containing grapefruit juice or grapefruit extract.Conclusion:A greater emphasis should be placed upon properly educating patients regarding hidden sources of grapefruit in popular US beverages and the potential for food-drug interactions. |
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Keywords: | drug interaction grapefruit immunosuppression |
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