河南省地方性氟中毒重点调查结果分析

目的了解河南省地方性氟中毒流行和防治现况，为全国制定地方性氟中毒防治策略和规划提供局部数据。方法按照“全国地方性氟中毒重点调查实施方案”的要求．选择4个有代表性的病区县，根据病情分层．随机抽查57个自然村．调查儿童氟斑牙患病情况、儿童尿氟、居民饮水含氟量和每个县改水进度及改水工程使用情况。结果4个县儿童氟斑牙检出率9、60％～32．91％；水源超标率8．3％～88．1％；尿氟几何均值0．68—2．45mg／L；改水进度24．1％～73．3％；改水工程正常使用率为26．6％～95．6％；工程报废率为5、13％～79．7％。结论4个县地方性氟中毒分布与既往资料对比已发生明显变化；氟危害在这几个县仍然较为严重；中、重病区改水进度没有显示出优势；工程报废情况较突出。

Analysis of main survey results for endemic fluorosis of Henan

Objective To understand the stutus of prevalence and prevention of endemic fluorosis in Henan and to supply local data to the draw-up of national strategies and planning for endemic fluorosis prevention. Methods Based on National Program for main survey of endemic fluorosis, four counties representing fluorosis areas were selected, and were stratified according to the condition of diseases. 57 villages were randomly selected. The condition of dental fluorosis of children, fluoride content in urine of children, fluoride content in drinking-water of the residents, the progress of water-changing and the using status of water-changing projects of each county were surveyed. Results The range of dental fluorosis rate of children of the four counties was from 9.6% to 32.91%; the overproof rate of fluoride content in drinking-water was from 8.3% to 88.1%; the geometric mean of fluoride content in urine was from 0.68 mg/L to 2.45 mg/L; the progress of water-changing was from 24.1% to 73.3%; the rate of normal usage of the water-changing projects was from 26.6% to 95.6%; and the rate of damage of the projects was from 5.13% to 79.7%. Conclusions The distribution of endemic fluorosis of the four counties had changed significantly compared with the data of previous years. The hazard of fluoride is still severe in these counties. No advantages were observed in the progress of water-changing work in median and severe disease areas. The condition of damage of the projects was severe.