失效模式与效应分析在三级医院标本检验前质量管理中应用研究

目的 应用失效模式与效应分析理论(failure mode and effects analysis, FMEA)提高三级医院细菌培养标本检验前的质量管理。方法 成立院级失效模式与效应分析小组,对标本检验前质量控制中存在的失效模式进行风险评估,通过FMEA分析法确定5项影响质量的失效因子为高风险因子,制定改进措施,比较FMEA实施前后风险优先指数值(risk priority number,RPN)及标本不合格率。 结果 FMEA实施后,标本检验前质量管理5项失效模式的RPN值均显著下降;标本不合格率由0.085%降低到0.046%。 结论 将FMEA应用于标本采集与收送流程质量控制的各个环节,可以有效地提高标本检验前合格率,确保检验分析质量,提高医院风险管理水平。

Application of failure mode and effect analysis in quality management of specimens before examination in three-grade hospitals

Objective To improve the quality management of bacterial culture specimens in tertiary hospitals using the theory of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Methods A FMEA group was established to evaluate the risk of the test specimens before the examination. The high-risk factors were selected and measures were taken to improve the condition. The risk priority number (RPN) and the failure rate of specimens were recorded and compared before and after the implementation of FMEA. Results After the implementation of FMEA, significant decrease was observed in the RPN. Moreover, the rate of the failure of specimens decreased from 0.085% to 0.046%. Conclusion The implementation of FMEA can effectively improve the specimen quality before examination to guarantee the Results, so as to promote the management of risks.