中山市某石油运输服务企业加油站作业工人血常规和血糖调查

目的 了解中山市某石油运输服务企业加油站作业环境的职业病危害以及人员的职业健康状况。
方法 选择中山市某石油运输服务企业18~40岁的在职人员作为研究对象, 以油枪作业岗位315名工人为研究组, 307名非油枪作业岗位人员为对照组; 收集其一般情况和职业史等资料, 以及职业性体检结果进行分析。
结果 该企业加油站存在的化学毒物有苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂汽油和正己烷, 其中加油作业岗位空气中苯、溶剂汽油、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷的时间加权平均浓度(C_TWA)值分别为(0.25 ±0.03) mg/m3、(76.73 ±7.03) mg/m3、(0.63 ±0.13) mg/m3、(0.26 ±0.04) mg/m3、(1.25 ±0.09) mg/m3, 办公人员岗位空气中苯、溶剂汽油、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷浓度均未检出。所有检测点空气中苯、溶剂汽油的C_TWA值均未超标。研究组工人的血红蛋白水平低于对照组(P < 0.05), 血红蛋白异常率高于对照组(P < 0.05);研究组工人的血糖浓度和异常率高于对照组(P < 0.05)。
结论 该石油运输服务企业员工职业病防护管理未到位, 工人血糖、血红蛋白浓度异常检出率升高, 长期接触汽油对作业人员健康造成一定损害, 应加强加石油作业工人的职业健康监护。

Survey on blood routine index and sugar level of workers in gasoline stations in Zhongshan City

Objective To understand the occupational hazards at gasoline stations and their potential effects on workers' health in Zhongshan City. Methods Totally 35 gasoline stations were investigated and 622 workers (315 worked in the fueling plug areas and 307 worked in the office rooms) were studied. The airborne concentration of gasoline, benzene, toluene, xylene and n-hexane both at fueling plug areas and office rooms were measured. The occupational health examination data of these workers were collected and evaluated. Results The time weighted average concentrations of gasoline, benzene, toluene, xylene, and n-hexane in the fueling plug areas were (76.73 ±7.03) mg/m3, (0.25 ±0.03) mg/m3, (0.63 ±0.13) mg/m3, (0.26 ±0.04) mg/m3, and (1.25 ±0.09)mg/m3, respectively, while no chemicals were detected in the office rooms. The hemoglobin level of the workers working in the fueling plug areas was lower than those working in the office rooms (P < 0.05), while the abnormal rate of hemoglobin was higher(P < 0.05). The blood glucose concentration and abnormal rate of the workers working in the fueling plug areas were higher(P < 0.05). Conclusion The abnormal rates of blood glucose and hemoglobin concentration of workers engaged in fueling were higher, and the occupational health monitoring and surveillance of these workers should be strengthened.