犬上颌窦内提升同期种植体植入术的实验研究

目的评价犬上颌窦内提升术的效果。方法选择成年健康杂种犬3只,每只犬左侧行上颌窦外提升术,右侧行上颌窦内提升术,术后6个月通过大体检查、X线片、螺旋CT扫描三维重建以及带种植体的骨磨片观察种植体骨结合情况。结果X线片示每只犬两侧种植体周围无阴影;螺旋CT扫描显示种植体与基骨结合界面连续性好,无透射区,左右两侧无明显差异;带种植体的骨大体标本显示两侧上颌窦窦底黏膜及骨质皆完整覆盖种植体顶端;带种植体骨磨片显示每只犬两侧种植体顶端成骨好,骨母细胞聚集,有新生骨基质形成,左右两侧成骨无明显差异。结论经牙槽嵴顶入路的上颌窦内提升术可以达到与传统上颌窦外提升术同样效果的骨结合。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MAXILLARY SINUS ELEVATION WITH SIMULTANEOUS IMPLANTATION IN DOGS

Objective To assess the efficiency of the maxillary sinus elevation of simultaneous implantation with compressive osteotomes from the top of alveoli in dogs. Methods Three healthy adult mongrel dogs were selected. All dogs underwent sinus elevation with conventional method in the left side and compressive osteotomes from the top of alveoli in the right. Six months later, all dogs were sacrificed. General observation, radiograph, spiral CT and histology examination were used to evaluate the effect of sinus elevation from the top of alveoli. Results Radiograph of the implanted area showed the consistent bone density. Spiral CT indicated continuous interface between the implants and the alveolus. The samples containing implanted and reconstructed bone showed that the bone combination was firm and the sinus membrane remained intact. All of the implants were covered with a layer of contex bone. Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts were observed around the implants in all sides microscopically. No significant differences between the two sides in each dog were noted. Conclusion Osteotome maxillary sinus floor elevation is a predictable and safe technique. It is as effective as the conventional method.