长江江苏段江滩感染性钉螺及水体感染性消长的现场观察

目的观察长江江苏段江滩感染性钉螺及其水体感染性的消长规律,为优化江苏省急性血吸虫感染预防方案提供依据.方法在江苏省一江滩连续12个月用棋盘式系统抽样法逐月采集钉螺,以压碎法鉴别捕获钉螺的感染性;以哨鼠法逐月测定滩内及周围水体的感染性.结果在江滩上12个月份均有感染性钉螺,但以5～10月份钉螺阳性率最高.滩内小型水体4～11月份均具有感染性;外江水体5～9月份具有感染性.结论在长江江苏段感染性钉螺滩块附近接触疫水全年均有感染血吸虫的可能性,其中以5～10月份危险性最大.

FIELD INVESTIGATION ON FLUCTUATION OF INFECTED SNAILS AND INFECTIVITY OF WATER BODY AT MARSHLANDS WITH INFECTED ONCOMELANIA SNAIL SPOTS ALONG YANGTZE RIVER IN JIANGSU

Objective To investigate the fluctuation of infected snails and infectivity of water body at the marshland with infected snail spots along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, in order to generate the evidence on which basis to develop a optimization project for acute schistosomiasis control. Methods Every month for one year, Oncomelania snails were collected by using the systematic sampling method of the chessboard style, and distinguished from infected snails by means of the crushing method. The infectivity of water body inside or outside marshlands were detected by using the sentinel mice method. Results There were infected snails on the marshland along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province every month around a year, and there were the highest infected snail rates from May to October. There was the infectivity of water body inside the marshlands from April to November and outside the marshlands from May to September. Conclusion There was possibility of infection of Schistosoma all the year round by contacting water body near the marshland with infected snail spots along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, especially from May to October.