The contribution of gene-environment interaction to psychopathology |
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Authors: | Thapar Anita Harold Gordon Rice Frances Langley Kate O'donovan Michael |
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Affiliation: | Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. Thapar@cf.ac.uk |
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Abstract: | The study of gene-environment interaction (G x E) constitutes an area of significant social and clinical significance. Different types of research study designs are being used to investigate the contribution of G x E to psychopathology, although the term G x E has also been used and interpreted in different ways. Despite mixed evidence that G x E contributes to psychopathology, some promising and consistent findings are emerging. Evidence is reviewed in relation to depression, antisocial behavior, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Although findings from various research designs have different meaning, interestingly much of the evidence with regard to the contribution of G x E that has arisen from twin and adoption studies has been for antisocial behavior and depression. It is for these same forms of psychopathology that molecular genetic evidence of G x E has also been most convincing. Finally, current and anticipated methodological challenges and implications for future research in this area are considered. |
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