青海省双翅目蠓科昆虫研究

目的查明青海省蠓虫本底，为平战时控制蠓害提供科学依据。方法采用人帐诱法、网捕法、诱蠓灯诱捕法，人诱法和畜诱法。结果调查获得青海省双翅目蠓科7属43种，即细蠓属14种，库蠓属14种，毛蠓属8种，须蠓属3种，短蠓属2种，贝蠓属和铗蠓各1种，以细蠓属和库蠓属的种类最多，是青海蠓害的主体。细蠓低层空间的分布，以中层密度指数最高，占三层总指数47．70％，下层次之，占41．73％；上层密度指数最低，占三层总指数10．57％，说明细蠓飞舞活动主要集中在距地面0．6～1．7m之间。一日活动规律，蠓虫不同种类一日出没时间不同，活动高峰亦有变化，但总趋势，细蠓系白天活动，库蠓系早晚活动，非吸血蠓全天均可见到。季节消长，格尔木地区蠓虫4月营出活动，5月密度指数急剧上升达全年活动之高峰。6～10月呈缓慢下降趋势，11月停止全年活动.结论对青海省双翅目蠓科昆虫进行了系统的研究，为控制蠓害提供了科学依据。

Study on Ceratopogonidae of Qinghai province

Objective To provide scientific basis for controlling damage caused by Ceratopogonidae in peacetime and wartime by finding out Ceratopogonidae background of Qinghai province.Methods Trapping with tent and person,capturing with net,luring with light,livestock and person.Results There were 43 species belonging to 7 genera of Ceratopogonidae in Qinghai.They were 14 species of Leptoconops Skuse,14 species of Culicoides Latreille,8 species of Dasyhelea Kieffer,3 species of Palpomyia Meigen,2 species of Brachypogon Kieffer,1 species of Brachypogon Kieffer and 1 species of Forcipomyia Meigen.Among them,species of Leptoconops Skuse and Culicoides Latreille were most.Among low-layer space distributing of Leptoconops,density index of mid-layer was the highest,which accounted for 47.70%;Underlayer's comed next with 41.73%;Up-layer's was the lowest with 10.57%.These showed the flight area of Leptoconops was between 0.6 meter and 1.7 meter apart from ground.As for day activity rules of ceratopogonid,different species had different activity time and peak.In general,activity time of Leptoconops was daytime,Culicoides was morning and evening and unsuckingblood ceratopogonid was fulltime.Season ebb and flow of ceratopogonid in Gerrmu were as follows: Activity begins in April,density index of May increases to peak of all year,but it begined to descend slowly from June to October and stopped activity in November.Conclusion It is the first time for systematic study and registering Ceratopogonidae(Diptera) of Qinghai province,and can provide scientific evidence for controlling damage caused by Ceratopogonidae.