上海地区2004年疑似狂犬的病毒检测分析及其应用

目的对2004年上海地区疑似狂犬进行病毒检测,分析应用于狂犬伤多人应急事件的处理。方法收集126份疑似狂犬病的犬脑标本,用ELISA法快速检测狂犬病毒抗原、小鼠感染法(MIT)分离病毒和免疫荧光法(IF)鉴定病毒型别。对疑似狂犬进行地区和时间分布调查。结果3种方法完全一致。确诊狂犬的阳性率为22.2%(28/126),鉴定为1型狂犬病毒。6-8月检出率最高,为全年的75%(21/28)。病毒检测阳性的地区进行紧急防治措施。结论狂犬病毒检测3种方法,既可快速诊断,又可获得定型的毒株。便于对狂犬地区采取应急防治措施,利于控制预防狂犬病。

Isolation of rabies virus from dogs with suspected rabies of Shanghai districts in 2004

The analysis of virus isolation from dogs with suspected rabies of Shanghai districts in 2004 was performed for the use in the emergency incident management for those individuals bitten by dogs. All together, 126 brain samples of suspected rabies dogs were collected, and the virus antigens of rabies were detected by rapid ELISA assay.Virus isolation was performed by means of mouse infection method and isolated viruses were identified by immunofiuorescence assay (IF). Investigation was also undertaken on the district distribution and time of occurrence of the virus isolation in these dogs. It was found that the positive rate of virus isolation was 22.2% (28/126), and the type 1 rabies virus was identified for the viruses isolated in the brain samples of dogs. From June to September, it showed the highest level of positive rate of virus isolation, accounting for the 75% (21/28) of the whole year. The dogs from which the viruses were isolated distributed almost in Jiading, Baosan, Qinpu and Jinsan districts, the latter two districts appeared to be the newly discovered area. In comparison with last year, the incidence was somewhat increased. It is evident that the three methods for the detection of rabies viruses mentioned above can be used for rapid diagnosis, obtaining identified strains of viruses as well as for the control and prevention of strategy for rabies.