哮喘病人变应原皮试阳性的相关因素分析

目的了解哮喘发病的变应原及其相关因素。方法应用德国默克公司提供的阿罗格标准化试剂的30种变应原对390例哮喘病人做皮肤点刺试验,部分病人同时测血IgE及嗜酸粒细胞计数。结果390例哮喘病人中,236例(60.5%)至少对1种变应原呈阳性反应,154例(39.5%)阴性。粉尘螨和屋尘螨是最主要的和最强烈的变应原,并且两者有交叉过敏。年龄在30～50岁患者皮试阳性率高,吸入变应原的致敏性较食物变应原强,其中以室内吸入变应原为主。室内吸入变应原和IgE、嗜酸粒细胞之间有相关性。结论哮喘病人是以尘螨为主的多源性过敏,尘螨是哮喘的主要吸入性致敏原。变应原皮试阳性率和年龄有相关性,室内吸入变应原和IgE、嗜酸粒细胞有相关性。

Correlative factors of allergen skin prick test in asthmatic patients

Objective To investigate the asthma's allergens in Shanghai and risk factors to asthma.Methods We carried out skin prick test with allergopharma standardized reagent in three hundred and ninty asthmatic patients.In some of them were also total IgE and eosinophil count in serum tested.Results Two hundred and thirty six(60.5%)people were atopic(positive reaction to one or more allergens).Dermatophagoides farinae and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were mostly strong allergens.Inspiratory allergens were more strong sensitive than food allergens.Multiple sensitization was not uncommon.In adult cases,skin prick test positivity to indoor allergens was significantly related to total IgE and eosinophil.Asthma was strongly associated with sensitization to indoor allergens and weakly to outdoor allergens.Conclusions Dust mite was mostly strong allergen in asthma sufferers in Shanghai.Taking age into account is essential.Skin prick test positivity to indoor allergens was significantly related to total IgE and eosinophil count.