母乳气味刺激干预对新生儿足后跟采血及 静脉穿刺疼痛程度的影响

目的 分析母乳气味刺激干预对于新生儿足后跟采血及静脉穿刺疼痛程度的影响。方法 选取2022年2月至4月于杭州市妇产科医院娩出的健康新生儿160例，采用数表法随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各80例，两组患者均行足后跟采血及静脉穿刺。操作前后对照组予常规护理，观察组在对照组基础上予母乳气味刺激，用新生儿疼痛评估量表（neonatal pain scale，NIPS）、新生儿面部编码系统（neonatal face coding system，NFCS）、啼哭时间评价疼痛程度，用心率、血氧饱和度（oxygen saturation of blood，SpO2）评价各项生理指标的变化情况。结果 观察组新生儿在不同时间段操作中及操作后1min、2min时NIPS评分、NFCS评分均显著低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；操作后5min时观察组新生儿的NIPS低于对照组，操作完成后啼哭时长短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；操作中及完成穿刺后1～2min，观察组新生儿的心率低于对照组、SpO2高于照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 将母乳气味刺激干预用于新生儿足后跟采血及静脉穿刺，能有效减轻其疼痛感知，降低心率、SpO2波动幅度，控制操作后啼哭时间。

Effects of breast milk odor stimulation intervention on the pain level of neonatal heel blood collection and venipuncture

Objective To analyze the effect of breast milk odor stimulation intervention on heel blood collection and venipuncture of neonates. Methods A total of 160 healthy newborns delivered in Hangzhou Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from February 2022 to April 2022 were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 80 cases in each group. Both groups of patients underwent heel blood collection and venipuncture. The control group was given routine nursing before and after the operation, and the observation group was given breast milk odor stimulation on the basis of the control group. The degree of pain was evaluated by neonatal pain scale (NIPS), neonatal face coding system (NFCS) and crying time, and the changes of physiological indexes were evaluated by heart rate and oxygen saturation of blood (SpO2). Results The NIPS score and NFCS score of the observation group were lower at different time periods; and the NIPS score was also lower than that of the control group at 5 minutes after the operation, and the crying time after the operation was shorter than that of the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05). The heart rate of the observation group during the operation and 1 to 2 minutes after the completion of the puncture was lower than that of the control group, and the SpO2 was higher than that of the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05). The NIPS and NFCS of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group during the operation and at 1 and 2 minutes after the operation; and the NIPS at 5 minutes after the operation was also lower than that of the control group, and the crying time after the operation was shorter than that of the control group, and all differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The heart rate of the observation group during the operation and 1 to 2 minutes after the completion of puncture was lower than that of the control group, and the SpO2 was higher than that of the control group, and all differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Breast milk odor stimulation intervention can effectively reduce the pain perception of newborns during heel blood collection and venipuncture, reduce the fluctuation amplitude of heart rate and SpO2, and reduce the time of crying during operationand control the crying time after the operation.