上颌缺损即刻重建中不同组织瓣的应用

目的 研究采用颞肌筋膜瓣、前臂皮瓣、非血管化髂骨瓣及种植体即时修复上颌缺损的方法以及临床效果。方法 1999年2月～2002年7月对8例腭部、上颌骨恶性或边界性肿瘤的患者行肿瘤扩大切除及上颌骨次全切除术，其中男6例，女2例，年龄32～49岁，病程3个月～2年。硬腭部鳞癌Ⅰ级4例，单侧成釉细胞瘤2例，基底细胞综合痣1例，粘液瘤1例，均无淋巴结转移。对术后的上颌缺损，采用颞肌筋膜瓣 前臂皮瓣 非血管化髂骨瓣 种植体即刻修复的方法进行重建。结果 术后游离髂骨及前臂皮瓣均成活，口内创面Ⅰ期愈合，植入的种植体可以实现骨结合并完成义齿修复，行使功能。6～12个月后复查X线片见植入的游离髂骨与周围骨愈合良好，患者面部外形及咀嚼、发音等功能均恢复满意。结论 颞肌筋膜瓣 前臂皮瓣 非血管化髂骨瓣 种植体是上颌缺损即刻修复并重建功能的较满意的方法。

APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT FLAPS IN IMMEDIATE RECONSTRUCTION OF MAXILLARY DEFECT

Objective To investigate the method and clinical effect of temporal fascia flap, free forearm flap, free iliac bone transfer and immediate implant on reconstruction of maxillary defect. Methods From February 1999 to July 2002, 8 cases of maxillary defects due to excision of cancer were repaired immediately with temporal fascia flap, free forearm flap, free iliac bone transfer and implant. Out of 8 patients, there were 6 males and 2 females, aged 32-49 years, with a disease course of 3 months to 2 years. Results Free iliac bone and forearm flap survived in all 8 cases. Osseo-integration could be seen and the implants could be used for denture repair and chew function. After 6-12 months, X-ray examination showed iliac bone healing; facial shape and functional restoration were satisfactory. Conclusion Temporal fascia flap, free forearm flap, free iliac bone transfer and immediate implant is an ideal method to repair maxillary defect immediately and reconstruct its function.