2009-2011年福田区儿童免疫接种率调查

目的评价2009-2011年福田区儿童国家免疫规划疫苗的接种情况和影响接种率的主要因素。方法采用标准组群抽样法对抽样儿童的建卡、建证情况,卡介苗、糖丸、百白破、乙肝、麻疹、乙脑"六苗"接种的情况及"六苗"覆盖情况,不合格接种原因,未接种的原因进行考核与评价。结果 2009-2011年各抽查福田区12~24月龄儿童210人,建卡率100%,建证率100%,卡证相符率为100%;卡介苗接种率100%,糖丸疫苗接种率100%,百白破疫苗接种率100%,乙肝疫苗接种率99.36%,首剂及时接种率为91.9%,麻疹疫苗接种率100%,乙脑疫苗接种率99.21%,"六苗"全程接种率为99.05%,"六苗"单苗接种率均达到95%以上;2009-2011年"六苗"不合格接种共46人次。提前接种34.78%;超期接种54.35%;间隔不符6.52%;未种4.35%。结论 2009-2011年福田区儿童国家免疫规划疫苗的接种率均维持在较高水平,其中不合格接种的主要原因是提前接种和超期接种。

Survey on Immunization Coverage Rate of Children in Futian District from 2009 to 2011

Objective To evaluate the vaccination status of national immunization program and the main factors affecting the vaccination rates in children of Futian District from 2009 to 2011. Methods The children’s cards and certificates,the vaccination situation of BCG,sugarcoated OPV,DPT,hepatitis B,measles,encephalitis B and the coverage rates of the "six vaccines",the reasons of unqualified vaccination,the causes of without vaccination were assessed and evaluated by the standard sampling method. Results During the period of 2009-2011,210 children aged 12-24 months were sampled each year,the rate of establishing immunization card was 100%,the rate of establishing immunization certificate was 100%,and the coincident rate of card and certificate was 100%.The vaccination rates of BCG,sugarcoated OPV,DPT,hepatitis B,the first dose timely,measles,and encephalitis B were 100%,100%,100%,99.36%,91.9%,100%,and 99.21%,respectively.The whole course vaccination rate of the "six vaccines" was 99.05%,and the single vaccine immunization coverage rates of the "six vaccines" were all over 95%.Totally 46 cases had unqualified vaccination of the "six vaccines" during the period of 2009-2011.The beforehand vaccination was 34.78%,and the overdue vaccination was 54.35%.The interval discrepancy was 6.52%.And 4.35% children had not been vaccinated. Conclusions The vaccination coverage rates of national immunization program in children of Futian District from 2009 to 2011 remain at a high level,and the factors identified to be associated with vaccination failure are beforehand vaccination and overdue vaccination.