肺内孤立结节的 X 线、CT 表现与鉴别诊断

目的:提高肺孤立结节的正确诊断率.方法:回顾性分析20例经手术病理证实的肺孤立结节病例的临床、影像学、实验室检查资料以及诊断和病理结果等.结果:炎性假瘤7例,术前诊断为周围性肺癌;矽肺结节1例,术前诊断为转移性肺癌;周围性肺癌12例,术前正确诊断10例,2例误诊为炎性肿块.本组孤立性肺结节病例主要是肺炎性肿块与周围性肺癌,两者主要鉴别要点是:(1)病变部位:肺炎性肿块主要位于上肺的尖后段、下叶背段及基底段,很少位于前段.(2)病变边缘:肺炎性肿块瘤肺界面清楚,很少有棘状突起和锯齿状改变.(3)病变胸膜面:肺炎性肿块胸膜凹陷征以胸膜肥厚、粘连为主,很少见到较典型的喇叭口状的胸膜凹陷征.(4)病变增强:炎性假瘤增强的程度和持续时间比肺癌更显著、更长.结论:对于肺孤立结节的诊断,检查手段及其重要,X 线平片是基础,结合 CT,综合分析结节的影像表现,可以作出正确率较高的诊断.

The X-Ray、CT features of solitary pulmonary nodules and differential diagnosis

Objective:To improve the diagnostic accuracy of solitary pulmonary nodules(SPN).Methods:The authors reviewed clinical records and radiographic findings of 20 patients with SPN proved by pathology.Results:7 cases were inflammatory pseudutumor,1 case was silicosis nodule,12 cases were Peripheral lung cancer,Compared with plain film,CT has high sensitivity in displaying the features of SPNS.The differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules is differential characteristic about the pulmonary Inlammatory mass and Peripheral lung cancer,it included location,margin,pleural indentation and enhancement.Conclusions:X-ray examination is one of basic methods for the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules,it should be closely correlated with CT.