芦山地震后5年雅安市受灾居民心理健康状况及其相关因素

目的:了解芦山地震后五年雅安市受灾居民的心理健康状况及相关因素。方法:采用整群分层随机抽样的方法,选取雅安市年龄≥15岁受灾居民9000例,采取入户调查方式,于2019年1~5月使用自编受灾居民基本信息调查表、12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)评估近期心理健康状况(≥3分为心理健康状况不良)。结果:8876例居民中心理健康状况不良者(GHQ≥3分)613例(6.9%)。Logistics回归分析显示,有工作(OR=0.15,P<0.001)、居住在乡村(OR=0.48,P<0.001)、一般灾区(OR=0.62,P<0.001)、无慢性疾病(OR=0.37,P<0.001)者更不易出现心理健康状况不良,而老年(OR=1.60,P<0.001)、小学及以下受教育程度(OR=2.69,P<0.001),收入≤1万元(OR=4.8,P<0.001)及无配偶(OR=2.02,P<0.001)者更易出现心理健康状况不良。结论:有工作、居住地为乡村、受灾程度为一般灾区、无慢性疾病为芦山地震后五年雅安市受灾居民心理健康状况不良的保护因素,而老年、受教育程度低、收入低以及无配偶为危险因素。

Mental health status of disaster victims in Ya'an city and its related factors at 5-year after Lushan earthquake

Objective:To understand the mental health status and influencing factors of residents in disaster areas in Ya’ an city five years after Lushan earthquake.Methods:Using stratified random cluster sampling method, selection of Ya’ an residents, whose age≥15 years old the affected in 9000 cases, adopt the mode of household surveys, during Janury-May 2019,using the self-made affected residents basic information questionnaire, 12 general health questionnaire(GHQ-12)(Chinese version) to assess recent mental health status(poor mental health was defined as GHQ-12 total score ≥3).Results:Among the 8876 residents who had poor mental health(GHQ≥3) was 613(6.9%).Logistics regression analysis showed that those who were employed(OR=0.15,P<0.001),living in rural areas(OR=0.48,P<0.001),living in moderately affected disaster areas(OR=0.62,P<0.001) and without chronic diseases(OR=0.37,P<0.001) were less likely to have poor mental health status, while those who were elderly people(OR=1.60,P<0.001),with primary education or below(OR=2.69,P<0.001),with income of ≤ 10000 yuan(OR=4.8,P<0.001) and without spouse(OR=2.02,P<0.001) were more likely to have poor mental health.Conclusion:It suggests that being employed, living in rural areas, living in moderately affected disaster areas, having no chronic diseases may be protective factors for the Lushan residents’ poor mental health after Lushan earthquake five years.While older age, low level of education and income, having no spouse may be risk factors.