冠状病毒疫情对医务人员心理健康的影响与干预(综述)

三次冠状病毒疫情下医务人员心理问题发生率分别为SARS 29%~75%,MERS 64.1%,COVID-19 63%。疫情爆发流行期以急性应激反应为主;疫情结束1年,17.3%的医务人员存在心理问题;疫情结束3年,4%医务人员存在创伤后应激症状,并出现抑郁、焦虑和物质滥用等不良结局。直接接触患者、被隔离、自身感染、本职专业与传染病相关性小被安排一线工作者、女性、不成熟的心理防御方式、既往躯体疾病史、既往存在精神障碍病史的医务人员心理问题发生风险更高。线上和线下心理干预有助于促进医务人员心理健康恢复。

A review of psychological status and intervention of health care workers during coronavirus pandemics

The prevalence of psychological distress among health care workers under three coronavirus pandemics are 29%-75% for SARS,64.1% for MERS,and 63% for COVID-19,respectively.At the peak of the outbreak, acute stress-related psychological reaction was evident.One year after the outbreak, about 17.3% suffered from anxiety, depression and PTSD.Three years after the outbreak, there were still 4% health care workers suffered from PTSD,anxiety, depression and substance abuse.The contributing factors of psychological distress appeared to be associated with direct exposure to infectious patient care, quarantine, being infected with the coronavirus, little professional experience of contagious diseases, female, non-adaptive coping style, previous physical disorder history and previous mood disorder history.Health care workers could benefit from on-line or on-site psychological intervention.