37 066次口腔颌面外科住院手术统计分析

目的:分析口腔颌面部住院手术病种的变化,探讨口腔颌面外科疾病手术治疗需求变化的趋势。方法:对上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颌面外科1954～200350年的住院手术病例资料进行回顾,统计分析各类手术、各手术年龄段的构成比及其变化。结果:口腔颌面部住院手术患者中,男∶女为1.48∶1。在各手术年龄段中,<13年龄段的构成比最高,为30.70%;以儿童、青年、中年、老年划分,其比例依次为中年(37.75%)>儿童(30.70%)>青年(24.63%)>老年(11.16%)。肿瘤及类肿瘤、唇腭裂及面裂和唾液腺疾病的手术次数分列口腔颌面部住院患者手术的前3位,构成比分别为37.11%、29.26%、16.16%;50年来各类疾病的手术次数多数呈上升趋势,其中尤以肿瘤及类肿瘤、创伤、牙颌面畸形手术上升较为明显。13～、20～、30～3个年龄段手术患者的构成比呈递减趋势,而40～、50～、60～、65～年龄段手术患者的构成比呈递增趋势。结论:肿瘤及类肿瘤、先天畸形、唾液腺疾病手术是目前口腔颌面外科施行最多的手术;同时,创伤、牙颌面畸形的手术呈快速增长,中、老年患者手术次数的增加也不容忽视。

Statistical analysis of 37 066 hospitalized operations in oral and maxillofacial regions

PURPOSE: To investigate the proportional ratio of oral and maxillofacial operations in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai during 1954 and 2003. METHODS: The data of thirty-seven thousand and sixty-six oral and maxillofacial operations in Ninth People's Hospital, Medical College, Shanghai Jiaotong University were collected and analyzed from 1954 to 2003, regarding to the diseases types and proportion of age groups. RESULTS: The ratio of male to female was 1.48 , patients younger than 13 years accounted the most, making up 30.70% in the age groups.The proportion of the operations was 37.75% in the middle-aged, 30.70% in children, 24.63% in the youth, and 11.16% in old-people according to the national age standard. Tumor and tumor-like lesions, cleft lip/palate and facial cleft , and salivary gland diseases accounted for 37.11%, 29.26%, 16.16% respectively. There was an increased tendency in the amount of oral and maxillofacial operations, especially for tumor and tumor-like lesions, trauma and dento-maxillofacial deformities. The proportional ratio of 13-, 20-, and 30- age groups had a descending tendency, but the proportional ratio of 40-, 50-, 60-, and 65- age groups had an ascending tendency as time goes on. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor and tumor-like diseases, congenital deformities and salivary gland diseases are still the common ones encountered by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in our hospital. The rapid rising of trauma and dento-maxillofacial deformities should receive more attention,as well as the patients of middle and old ages. Supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Y0203)