葡萄胎清宫前发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移患者的临床分析

目的 探讨葡萄胎清宫前发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移患者的临床特点及治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2006年1月间,北京协和医院诊治的葡萄胎患者及侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移患者的病历资料.首先将葡萄胎清宫前无肺转移患者的临床特点与葡萄胎清宫前发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移的患者进行比较;然后,将葡萄胎清宫前发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移患者的治疗效果与葡萄胎清宫后进展为侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移的患者进行比较.结果 葡萄胎清宫前有胸部CT检查的37例初治葡萄胎患者中,发现存在肺部转移灶的患者有11例,占30%.葡萄胎清宫前有肺转移患者的停经时间(15.0±4.0)周]、完全性葡萄胎所占的比例(91%),均显著高于葡萄胎清官前无肺转移的患者(10.0±2.5)周和50%],两者分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值分别为0.026、0.027);而年龄、子宫体积较相应停经时间大4周、卵巢黄素化囊肿直径≥6 cm、葡萄胎清宫前血人绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚单位(β-hCG)水平等比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).葡萄胎清宫前发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移患者的血β-hCG水平降至正常水平距第1次清宫术的时间间隔,明显短于葡萄胎清宫后发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移的患者,分别为(83±18)、(126±31)d,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);而血β-hCG水平降至正常水平的化疗疗程数、肺部转移灶完全消失或明显吸收后不再改变所需的化疗疗程数、治疗所需总化疗疗程数以及完全缓解率等比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 葡萄胎一经诊断应尽早行清宫术,清宫术实施的时间越晚,发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移和需要进行化疗的概率就越大.若葡萄胎清宫前发生了侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移,其治疗效果与葡萄胎清宫后发生侵蚀性葡萄胎肺转移的相同,均可治愈.

Clinical analysis of patients with lung metastasis of invasive mole before evacuation of hydatidiform mole

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics, management and outcome of patients with lung metastasis of invasive mole (IM) before evacuation of hydatidiform mole (HM). METHODS: Clinical data of patients with hydatidiform mole (HM) and lung metastasis of IM who were diagnosed and treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Jan 2004 to Jan 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Firstly, clinical characteristics of patients with lung metastasis of IM before evacuation of HM (positive group) were compared with that of patients without lung metastasis before evacuation of HM (negative group); secondly, management and outcome of patients with lung metastasis of IM before evacuation of HM were compared with that of patients as lung metastasis of IM diagnosed in postevacuation follow-up of HM (control group). RESULTS: A total of 37 cases with HM underwent CT scan of the chest before evacuation, 11 cases of which were diagnosed as lung metastasis, accounting for 30%. Compared with negative group, significant increases in positive group were found in gestational age of week (15.0 +/- 4.0) versus (10.0 +/- 2.5) weeks, P = 0.026], and proportion of complete HM (91% versus 50%, P = 0.027). Between positive group and negative group, no significant differences were found in age, uterine size greater than expected for gestational age, large theca lutein cyst and pre-evacuation serum human chorionic gonadotropin-beta subunit (beta-hCG) level (P > 0.05). Compared with control group, significant decrease in positive group was found in the interval from first evacuation of HM to resolution of serum beta-hCG level, (83 +/- 18) days versus (126 +/- 31) days (P < 0.01). Also, no statistically significant differences between positive group and control group were noted in the complete resolution rate achieved, the average courses of resolution of serum beta-hCG level and disappearance or marked absorption of lung metastasis needed, and the total chemotherapy courses (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Once HM is diagnosed, evacuation should be performed as soon as possible, the later the evacuation begins, the higher the risks of lung metastasis and chemotherapy are. It is not necessary to worry about lung metastasis before evacuation of HM, the outcome of post-chemotherapy is very good.