婴幼儿发展状态及能力影响因素的研究

为了解婴幼儿发展状态及能力，探讨婴幼儿智力及精神运动发展的影响因素，对１２２名婴幼儿采用贝利 婴幼儿发展量表进行评估并分析婴幼儿智力及精神运动发展的影响因素。结果显示:１２２例婴幼儿智力及精神运动发展 总体状态良好；出生体重，家庭收入，每日睡眠时间和孕周与智力发展指数显著相关，父亲不同职业，不同文化程度，不同 家庭类型和不同胎次的婴幼儿之间智力发展指数有显著性差异；而出生体重，每日睡眠时间和孕周与精神运动发展指数 显著相关，母亲文化程度，家庭类型，儿童照顾者文化程度和母亲妊娠期用药史不同者的婴幼儿精神运动发展指数有显 著性差异。提示：加强孕产期保健，孕期合理用药，提高父母亲文化程度，积极发展社会经济对促进和保障婴幼儿的智力 及精神运动发展起重要作用。

Analysis of influential factors of infant development

Objective: To explore the development of infants between 1～12 months and its relative risk factors. Methods: Using Bayley Scales of Infant Development and self-developed influential factors questionnaire, l22 infants aged 1～12 months were investigated. Results: The general development of 122 infants was good. Cor- relation analysis showed that mental development index (MDI) had significant positive correlation with the birth weight, family economic income, sleep time of each day and pregnancy weeks. MDI were significantly dif- ferent (P<0. 01) between each groups of different father's occupation and education leve1, family type and the birth sequence. The following factors were significantly associated with Psychomotor Development Index (PDI): the birth's weight, sleep time of each day and pregnancy week. PDI were significant different between each groups of different mother's education level, family type, favourer's education level and mother's drug history during pregnancy. Conclusion: The development level of infant is influenced by multi-factors. More at- tention should be paid to the early training of child and the systemic measure is important in order to assure the normal development of infant.