Asking the Right Questions: Views on Genetic Variation Research Among Black and White Research Participants |
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Authors: | Jada Bussey-Jones Gail Henderson Joanne Garrett Mairead Moloney Connie Blumenthal Giselle Corbie-Smith |
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Institution: | (1) Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jessie Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30331, USA;(2) University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA |
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Abstract: | Background Genetic variation research (GVR) may raise concerns about misuse of information and discrimination. Seemingly contradictory
positive views about GVR have also been reported.
Objective To dissect this inconsistency, our objectives were to: (1) explore open-ended views of GVR and (2) quantify views of and willingness
to participate in GVR by race.
Design Cross-sectional study.
Participants 801 African-American and white prior participants in a case-control genetic epidemiology study of colon cancer risks (NCCCS).
Measures Qualitative measures evaluated responses to questions about good and bad things about GVR. Quantitative measures evaluated
positive and negative perceptions, perceptions of discrimination, and likelihood of future participation by race.
Results Open-ended queries about GVR resulted in few “negative” responses. In closed-ended questions, however, African Americans were
more likely to feel that such research would: result in higher insurance (41% vs. 30%, p = 0.008), not benefit minorities
(29% vs. 14%, p=<0.001), reinforce racism (32% vs. 20%, p = 0.002), and use minorities as guinea pigs (27% vs. 6%, p < 0.001).
Overall, after adjustment for potential confounding factors, African-American race remained inversely associated with feeling
“very positive” about GVR (46% vs. 57%, p = 0.035). In contrast, African Americans were as likely as whites to express willingness
to participate in future GVR studies (46%).
Conclusions Open-ended questions about GVR were unlikely to spontaneously generate “negative” responses. In contrast, when presented specific
examples of potentially negative implications, more respondents agreed, and minorities were more likely to express concerns.
This suggests that while participants appear generally positive about GVR, their inability to articulate views regarding these
complex concepts may require that researchers engage lay audiences, ensure accurate understanding, and provide them with language
to express concerns. |
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Keywords: | genetic variation research discrimination response evaluation |
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