新生儿气胸的病因与治疗及预防探讨

目的:探讨新生儿气胸的原因、治疗和预防。方法:总结2003年至2007年共24例新生儿气胸的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:24例气胸中,HMD12例,肺炎4例,胎粪吸入综合征7例,自发性气胸1例。其中2例行胸腔穿刺治疗,7例给予胸腔闭式引流,15例行保守治疗。结论:新生儿气胸主要与HMD、胎粪吸入综合征、CPAP及机械通气有关。对于HMD患儿使用肺胞表面活性物质(PS)可以降低气胸的发生概率,应提倡使用表面活性物质。

Discussion on Cause of Disease Treatment and Prevention of Newborn Pneumothorax

Objective To explore the pathogeny,treatment and prevention of neonatal pneumothorax.Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out on the 24 infants with neonatal pneumothorax during 2003 to 2007.Results In the 24 infants,12 infants with Hyaline membrane disease,4 infants with pneumonia,1 infants with spontaneous pneumothorax,7 infants with meconium aspiration syndrome.2 infants were treated by puncture pumping air,7 infants by closed chest drainage,15 infants by conservative treatment.Conclusion Neonatal pneumothorax were caused by HMD,meconium aspiration syndrome,CPAP and Mechanical Ventilation.PS can reduced the prevalence rate of pneumothorax.So we advocate the use of PS on HMD.