传媒引导和公众互动对SARS预防控制的影响

目的 应用现场流行病学观点探讨传媒和公众互动在SARS预防控制中的作用。方法利用各种现代传媒技术,多方位主动与社会和公众交流,不断调整健康教育内容和方法;在SARS流行后期,采用整群随机抽样方法,调查和分析人群对SARS的认知程度。结果 在SANS流行早期印发了宣传折页和张贴画、深入闹市和社区开展咨询,持续利用电视、电台和报纸等大众传媒,及时开通热线、专线和互联网页,租用商业性广告动画展播,并组织专家宣讲团,开展公众心理健康辅导。对3405份问卷调查分析,人群SARS基本知识知晓率在95％以上,面对SARS疫情趋于乐观和理性,基本预防措施实践率在80.0％以上,82.4％对政府政策满意,93.8％敬佩医务人员。结论 新发传染病的流行病学调查处理中,必须主动引导媒体,积极利用现代传媒技术,不断地与公众和社会互动,促进预防措施的落实。

Role of mass during the severe acute repiratory syndrome epidemic

Objective To understand the impact of effective interaction between public and mediaon the prevention and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS). Methods Based on the theoryof field epidemiology, the traditional and modern technologies were brought forward. In the late period ofSARS epidemic, investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice on SARS prevention and control amonggeneral population was conducted. Results During the 3 month period of SARS epidemic in Shenzhen,techniques of the "E-health and public health informatics" as an emerging fields were used to focus onpopulation to eventually improve the health of entire population. Methods as television, radio, newspapers,magazines, printing and distribution of specific materials on SARS were included, and hotlines of telephoneand mobile phone, web-based sites, electronic screening advertisements, and consultation or forum for thepublic etc. were used. Among 3405 subjects interviewed, more than 95% gave right answers on the SARSrelated questions. Most of them held the optimistic and scientific attitude. 80% of the population had takenthe measures as recommended. 82. 4% of the citizens were happy about the local government's action and93. 8% thought hospitals and healthcare workers should be respected and honored. Conclusion Dealingwith the urgent public health problems and emerging infectious diseases outbreak, epidemiologists need tokeep good relations with media, and making use of modern electronic technologies to communicate with thepublic.