人眼视网膜神经节细胞胚胎发育的观察

①目的 观察人眼视网膜神经节细胞（ＲＧＣ）胚胎发育的状况，为研究ＲＧＣ提供形态学依据。②方法 对胎龄６～３８周５７３眼的ＲＧＣ进行光镜及电镜观察。利用计算机自动图像分析系统对２０～３８周的ＲＧＣ进行定量分析；用Ｉ（ＳＥＬ法定性标记凋亡细胞。③结果 电镜下胚胎６周ＲＧＣ的轴突与树突已可分辨；１５周时ＲＧＣ层及内丛状层在视网膜周边部已形成，后极部ＲＧＣ层小细胞多，周边部ＲＧＣ层大细胞多；胎龄１８～２２

THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPOMENT OF THE HUMAN RETINAL GANGLION CELL

Objective To study the embryonic development of the human retinal ganglion cell, and to explore anatomic cause of glaucomatous damage on RGC. Methods The RGC of 573 eyes taken from embryos and fetus of 6 weeks to full term were studied by light microscope (LM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), the RGC of 20-38 weeks were quantitatively analized by automatic imagine analysis system and the apoptosis of RGC were labelled by ISEL method. Results Axon and dendrite of RGC appeared on 6th week. RGC layers and outer plexiform layer were found in 15 weeks in the peripherial retina. RGCs in the posterior pole of retina were small and densely distributed, those in the peripheral were big and scarce. Positive results were found in the RGC of 18-22 weeks by ISEL labeling method. There were new blood vessels appearing in RGC layer on the 16th week of embryo. Conclusion RGC originates from inner layer of the opotic cup. A distinguished cell decrease of RGC is found in embryo of 15 weeks. Characters of RGC's distribution are: most of the big ones are in the peripheral retina and small ones are in the posterior retina. [