实验性镉中毒大鼠尿钙症及其机理的探讨

经皮一次注射镉金属硫蛋白诱发大鼠急性中毒，作为慢性镉中毒之模型，观察中毒大鼠肾皮质的组织病理学改变和脂质过氧化作用，测定尿液主要生化指标变化。结果显示尿总蛋白、葡萄糖含量，ｒ－谷氨酰转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、Ｎ－乙酰－β－Ｄ－氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性均明显增加，尿钙增加较早。结合光镜和电镜下肾近曲小管病损，以及肾皮质脂质过氧化作用加剧，提示肾脏钙代谢紊乱是镉中毒性肾损害的始动因素；脂质过氧化作用是镉中毒性肾损

Study of Calciuria and Mechanism in Experimental Cadmium Poisoned Rat

Acute injection of cadmium-metallofhionein(CdMT)was used as the model to induce renal damage which were similar to those in the chronic Cd poisoning. After the subcutaneous ad- ministration of CdMT (0,0.5,1.0mg cd/kg), urinary protein, glucose, r-GT, AKP, NAG statistically significantly increased and calciuria was the earliest sign in indicators. There were de- creases of GSH and the increases of MDA in renal cortex from the rats injected with CdMT, which were significantly correlat- ed with urinary NAG and r-GT. The Cd poisoned rats renal histopathological changes were found with light and electron microscopy. It is suggested that the disturbance of renal Ca metabolism may be the initiative factor for the cadmium nephrotoxic effects and lipid proxidation may be partly involved in the mechanisms of the nephrotoxicity induced by the cadmi- um.