Essential trace and toxic element concentrations in organic and conventional milk in NW Spain |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro Tecnológico Agroalimentario de Lugo (CETAL), 27003 Lugo, Spain;2. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, Facultade de Veterinaria, 27002 Lugo, Spain;3. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Departamento de Patoloxía Animal, Facultade de Veterinaria, 27002 Lugo, Spain;1. Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea;2. Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea;1. Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, University of California, Davis, 18830 Road 112, Tulare 93274;2. Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616;1. National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;2. Department of Animal Production and Food Safety, Univesity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 4003720 Cluj Napoca, Romania;3. Institute of Life Sciences, Univesity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372 Cluj Napoca, Romania;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Najand, Urmia, 5719883826, Iran;3. Department of Chemistry, Northwest University Kano, P.M.B 3220, Kano, Nigeria;4. Department of Chemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey;1. Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran;2. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran;3. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy – International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran |
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| Abstract: | Dietary composition and husbandry practices largely determine essential trace element status and toxic element exposure of livestock, and consequently their concentrations in animal products. This study evaluates the main essential trace (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se and Zn) and toxic (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) element concentrations in milk from organic and conventional farms in NW Spain (n = 50). Milk samples were acid digested and analyzed by ICP-MS. Essential trace element concentrations in organic milk were significantly lower compared to conventional milk, this was especially evident for elements that are routinely supplemented at high concentrations in the conventional concentrate feed: Cu (41.0 and 68.9 μg/L in organic and conventional milk, respectively), Zn (3326 and 3933 μg/L), I (78 and 265 μg/L) and Se (9.4 and 19.2 μg/L). Toxic metal concentrations in milk were in general very low and no statistically significant differences were observed between organic and conventional milk. In addition, the mineral content of organic milk showed a seasonal pattern, the significantly higher As (65%) and Fe (13%) concentrations found in the winter sampling possibly being related to a higher consumption of concentration feed and soil ingestion when grazing. |
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