福建省部分水源微囊藻毒素污染调查

目的 报告福建省部分饮用水水源微囊藻毒素污染状况调查结果,探讨饮用水水源微囊藻毒素的危害及预防措施.方法 1998,2000年在厦门同安肝癌高发区抽样采集浅井水49份、自来水4份、水库水3份,竞争酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定水样中微囊藻毒素;2001年8-9月份采集福州山仔水库微囊藻水华,小鼠生物法测定微囊藻水华急性毒性,高效液相色谱法定性、定量测定微囊藻毒素类型和含量.结果 厦门同安农村饮用水水源普遍存在微囊藻毒素污染,夏季藻类生长高峰期,水库水微囊藻毒素检出率100%,浅井水检出率77.5%;同安水源中优势藻为颤藻,其次为微囊藻.福州山仔水库微囊藻水华LD50为9.9 g藻浆/kg,平均死亡时间2.5 h.每克鲜藻浆含微囊藻毒素20.5μg,主要毒素类型为MC-RR,其次为MC-LR和MC-YR.结论 福建省部分饮用水水源存在微囊藻毒素污染,山仔水库微囊藻毒素主要类型为MC-RR,有明显的肝毒性.

Microcystins Pollution and its Health Risk of Some Source Water in Fujian

Objective To investigate microcystins(MC) pollution in some source water of Fujian.Methods Different types of drinking water sample of Tongan,Fujian were collected in August of 1998 and 2000,and MC concentration was detected by ELISA method.MC bloom samples of Shanzi reservoir of Fuzhou city were collected in August of 2001,and the MC concentration was detected by HPLC,while the toxicity of the MC samples was tested by mouse bioassays.Results MC pollution was prevalence in Tongan source water,and the positive detected rate was 100% in reservoir water and 77.5% in shallow wall water.Oscillatoria rubescens was the dominant specie and Microcystis was the second.The LD_(50) of MC of Shanzi reservoir in Fuzhou was 9.9 g algae paste/kg wt of mice.Average death time was 2.5 h.Dominant algae toxin was MC-RR.Conclusion MC pollution was prevalence in some source water of Fujian.The dominant algae toxin in Shanzi reservoir was MC-RR.The MC showed significant hepatic-toxicity.