内科胸腔镜胸膜活检联合GeneXpert MTB/RIF对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值研究

目的探讨内科胸腔镜胸膜活检联合GeneXpert MTB/RIF对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值。方法以胸腔积液入院且临床诊断为结核性胸膜炎的患者为结核性胸膜炎组,以临床诊断为癌性胸腔积液的患者为对照组。入院后完善内科胸腔镜术前检查,所有患者入院后抽胸腔积液送结核菌涂片、结核菌培养,无内科胸腔镜手术禁忌证安排内科胸腔镜检查,内科胸腔镜下取胸膜病变组织送GeneXpert MTB/RIF和病理组织活检。结果结核性胸膜炎组纳入80例,对照组纳入20例。结核性胸膜炎组胸腔积液结核菌涂片阳性9例,阳性率11.3%,胸腔积液结核菌培养阳性4例,阳性率5.0%,病理活检确诊75例,阳性率93.8%,胸膜GeneXpert MTB/RIF阳性69例,阳性率86.3%,内科胸腔镜胸膜活检联合胸膜GeneXpert MTB/RIF阳性率可达到96.3%(77/80)。胸膜GeneXpert MTB/RIF利福平耐药基因检测阳性5例,其中4例患者结核菌培养阳性,药敏结果提示利福平耐药,而对照组患者胸腔积液结核菌涂片、结核菌培养及胸膜GeneXpert MTB/RIF均为阴性。结论内科胸腔镜胸膜活检联合胸膜GeneXpert MTB/RIF诊断结核性胸膜炎的特异性和敏感性均高,具有快速精准诊断价值,并因能早期判断是否存在利福平耐药而可用于早期指导抗结核化疗。

The diagnostic value of internal medicine thoracoscope combined with pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF for tuberculous pleurisy

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of internal medicine thoracoscope combined with pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF for tuberculous pleurisy. Methods Eighty patients with tuberculous pleurisy admitted to hospital with pleural effusion were treated as tuberculous pleurisy group, and 20 patients with clinical diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion were used as control group. After admission to the hospital, the pre-operative examination of internal medicine thoracoscope were analyzed. All patients were extracted pleural effusion with thoracic puncture in order to send pleural tuberculosis smear and culture. Patients who had no contraindications were arranged internal medicine thoracoscope to get pleural effusion which will be sent to GeneXpert MTB/RIF and pathological tissue biopsy. Results In the tuberculous pleurisy group, nine patients were positive in pleural tuberculous smear, and the positive rate was 11.3%;4 patients were positive in pleural tuberculous culture, and the positive rate was 5.0%;75 patients were diagnosed with pathological biopsy, and the positive rate was 93.8%;69 patients were positive with pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and the positive rate was 86.3%. The positive rate of internal medicine thoracoscopic pleural biopsy combined with pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF could reached 96.3%. The pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF lifampin resistance gene was positive in 5 patients, 4 of them were positive for tuberculosis culture, and the drug sensitivity results showed rifampicin resistance. In the control group, patients had negative result in pleural effusion tuberculosis smear, tuberculosis culture and the pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Conclusions The diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy by the combination of internal medicine thoracoscope and pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF has high specificity and sensitivity. The diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy by the combination of internal medicine thoracoscope and pleural GeneXpert MTB/RIF has high specificity and sensitivity, which has the value of rapid and accurate diagnosis and early guidance of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy based on the early judgment of whether rifampin resistance exists.