病理性瘢痕中c-myc、c-fos和ras原癌基因表达的实验研究

目的 探讨原癌基因的表达与病理性瘢痕形成的相关性。方法 应用免疫组化SP法及图像定量分析，检测c-myc、c-fos和ras p21蛋白在增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩和正常皮肤组织中的表达，结果 在增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩的成纤维细胞中c-myc和c-fos呈强阳性表达，而ras p21蛋白在病理性瘢痕的成纤维细胞中缺乏表达。结论 ①病理性瘢痕中c-myc和c-fos癌基因受激活，可能参与了成纤维细胞的分化增殖、胶原合成与降解以及对细胞因子的调控，并导致瘢痕增生。②ras癌基因在病理性瘢痕形成中可能不突变或不起主要作用。③病理性瘢痕只是部分原癌基因的有限制性表达，不存在多基因无限制性的共同表达可能是其较少癌变的原因。

Experimental study of the expression of c-myc ,c-fos and proto-oncogenes on hypertrophic and scars

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between the expression of key proto-oncogenes playing major roles in tumorigenic process and abnormal sarring. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique was performed to detect the expressions of c-myc, c-fos and ras p21 proteins on hypertrophic scars, keloids and normal skin. Image analysis was used to compare their quantitative difference of expression. RESULTS: C-myc and c-fos expressions on the nucleus of fibroblasts of hypertrophic and keloid scars were significantly higher than normal skin controls, and there was no difference between the two lesions. Ras p21 expression was not detected on the fibroblasts of hypertrophic and keloid scars. CONCLUSION: 1. c-myc and c-fos oncogenes are activated on hypertrophic and keloid scars, which may contribute to proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts, synthesis and degradation of collagen and regulation of cytokines and induce abnormal scarring, the mechanisms of their effects remain to be further studied. 2. Ras gene may not mutate or its mutations may not play a major role in the process of abnormal scarring. 3. Only part of proto-oncogenes moderately expressed on abnormal scars. The expression of multiple oncogenes does not coexist in abnormal scars may be the cause of their less chances to induce malignant transformation.