18城市不同类别流动人口对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人的歧视及相关因素调查

目的了解不同类别流动人口对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人（people living with HIV／AIDS，PLWHA）歧视的现状及其影响因素。方法采取横断面研究设计，在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、甘肃、宁夏、重庆7个省（市）的18个城市采用两阶段分层抽样，抽取4类流动人口即建筑工人、工矿企业工人、外来务工人员、长途卡车司机共15622人进行了问卷调查。结果调查对象总歧视率为63．2％，不同类别流动人口对PLWHA的歧视差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），对不同PLWHA的歧视存在差异（P〈0．01），家庭中的PLWHA被接受程度最高；对PLWHA歧视受性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、艾滋病知识的影响。结论流动人口对PLWHA的歧视仍普遍存在，其存在及PLWHA受歧视的差异提示仍需加大力度和深度进行艾滋病健康教育和反歧视的宣传，提高艾滋病知识认知水平，加强正确意识的引导及关爱，进而降低或消除对PLWHA的歧视。

A survey on the discrimination against PLWHA among floating population with different vocations in 18 cities in China

Objective To find out the present situation of discrimination against PLWHA and its influential factors among floating population.Methods 15 622 individuals from 18 cities in 7 provinces were selected using the method of cross-sectional study and two-stage stratification sampling.Questionnaire survey were conducted in construction workers,industrial workers,long-distance drivers and laborers.Results The total rate of discrimination was 63.2%,and floating population from 4 vocations had different attitudes o...