麻疹疫苗强化免疫的流行病学效果观察

目的：探索控制麻疹的有效措施。方法：选择1个县为试点，11个县为对照。对试点县所有8个月－7岁儿童，进行一轮次麻疹疫苗（MV）的强化免疫，试点与对照MV常规免疫照常进行，之后观察2年，比较试点县和对照县MV强化免疫前后麻疹发病差异。结果：试点县MV强化免疫后麻疹发病率大幅度下降，1997年和1998年度（当年11月－次年10月）较1996年同期下降96．7％和93．5％，与对照县麻疹发病比较，差异有非常显著性意义（P＜0．01），结论：MV强化免疫是控制麻疹流行乃至消除麻疹的有效补充策略。

INVESTIGATION ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF MEASLES VACCINE SUPPLEMENTARY IMMUNIZATION IN QIANNAN.

Objective:To investigate the effective measures controling measles.Methods:We conducted measles vaccine(MV) supplementary immunization campaign on all the children between 8 months and 7 years old in 1 out of 12 counties in Qiannan prefecture on the basis of conducting common immunization,and the rest counties only conducted common immunization.Two years later,compared the differences of the incidence of measles.Results:MV supplementary immunization county the incidence of measles were decreased remarkably,reduced by 96.7% and 93.5%,as compared the cases in 1997 and 1998 with that in 1996 respectively.Compared with the other counties,the differences ofthe incidence was notable(P<0.01).Conclusion:Conducting MV supplementary immunization campaigns is the most effective measures and strategies of controling measles spreading.