影响城市中学生学习成绩的相关因素分析

目的 :探讨中学生学习成绩优差与性格、焦虑、家庭及环境因素的关系。方法 :采取分层、随机、整群抽样法 ,抽出合肥市四所中学 1 0 69名在校中学生 ,用自编家庭环境因素问卷 ,艾森克个性问卷(EPQ) ,及与DSM -IV配套的焦虑诊断量表 ,对学生、家长及班主任老师进行调查 ,并对各因素进行统计分析。结果 :学习成绩优差与性别、神经质、焦虑、奖惩情况、父母关系、管教一致性、父母期望、学习环境及辅导有显著差异 (P <0 0 1或 0 0 5)。Logistic逐步回归分析显示 :学习成绩主要与奖惩情况、遵守纪律、父母期望、辅导及掩饰程度有关。结论 :中学生学习成绩女生好于男生 ,成绩优的学生神经质、焦虑分值低 ,常受到奖励、遵守父母管教一致性、期望值较高。学习成绩与家庭经济状况、父母受教育程度无显著关系。

Factors having Influence on Academic Achievement of Middle School Students

Objective: To study factors having influence on academic ac hievement of middle school students Method: 1069 middle school students were collected by stratified random group sampling The research instr u ments included EPQ, self-designed Family Environment Questionnaire, Anxiety Diag nostic Checklist for Children and Adolescent The investigation was conducted a m ong parents, students and teachers Result: Factors having infl u ence on students' academic achievements included: sex, N score of EPQ, anxiety, reward or punishment, continuity of family restrain and instrain, parents' expec tation, learning environment, and tutoring Logistic analysis showed that main f actors related to achievements were reward or punishment, obeying discipline, pa rents' expectation, tutoring and lie score of EPQ Conclusion: F emale students has better academic achievement than male The academic achievem e nt has no relation to economic status of the family and educational level of par ents Students with good achievement have lower N score of EPQ and lower anxiet y , they get more rewards, obey discipline In their family, the consistency in c hild bearing between parents is high, with high expectation to them