外源性表皮生长因子促进鼠坐骨神经再生的实验研究

目的 评价外源性表皮生长因子（exogenous epidemal growth factor,EGF）对神经再生的影响。方法 雄性SD大鼠48只，建立成鼠坐骨神经挤压伤模型。按术后注射药物的不同成分2组，每组24只鼠。损伤对照组：在神经损伤处注射生理盐水5μl；EGF组：注射EGF／生理盐水液（10μg/5μl）。于术后2、4、6周3个时间点测定坐骨神经功能指数、CMAP的潜伏期、最大语诱发电位的恢复率、组织学检测、电镜超微结构观察。结果 坐骨神经功能指数恢复率在各时间点，EGF组无明显优于对照组（P＜0．01）。CMAP潜伏期的延迟率，EGF组明显小于对照组（P＜0．01）；诱发电位恢复率EGF组明显好于对照组（P＜0．01）。组织学检查：有髓神经纤维数在术后2、4周时EGF组明显多于对照组（P＜0．01）；各时间点有髓神经纤维直径及截面积，EGF组明显优于对照组（P＜0．01）。超微结构观察：EGF组再生神经的有髓纤维数，髓鞘厚度，髓鞘的成熟度明显好于对照组。结论 外源性EGF对神经的再生和功能恢复有一定的作用。

Promotion of nerve regeneration in rat sciatic nerve by exogenous epidermal growth factor: an experimental study

Objective　To evaluate the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on promoting nerve regeneration. Methods　Sciatic nerve crush injury model was set up in 48 female Sprague - Dawley rats. They were randomly divided into two groups according to different medication, with 24 each. Injection of normal saline (5ul) and EGF/normal saline (10 μg/5 μl) was done at the site of nerve injury in the control group and EGF group respectively. Measurement of sciatic functional index (SFI), latency of CMAP, and recovery rate of the maximal evoked potential, and histomorphometric and ultra - structural observation were carried out 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the operation respectively. Results　Compared with the control group, there was significant improvement in sciatic functional index, latency of CMAP, and recovery rate of evoked potential at different assessment intervals. The number of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers in 2 and 4 weeks of postoperative intervals in EGF group was much more than that in control group. The mean diameter and cross-sectional area of regenerated myelinated nerve fiber was larger in the EGF group than in the control group in all time intervals. Myelin sheath thickness and maturity was superior in EFG group under electron microscopic observation. Conclusions　Exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) can play a certain role in nerve regeneration and restoration of nerve function.