Psychiatric comorbidities in patients from seven families with autosomal dominant cortical tremor,myoclonus, and epilepsy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Epilepsy Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy;2. Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, “G. Gaslini” Institute, Genova, Italy;3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK;4. Epilepsy Society, Chesham Lane, Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks, UK;5. Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy;6. IRCCS, Neurological Science Institute of Bologna, Italy;7. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy;8. Department of Neurological Science, Odontostomatology and Reproductive Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy;9. Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neurosciences, Department of Neurosciences, “G. Gaslini” Institute, Genova, Italy |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe objective of this report was to assess the psychiatric comorbidity in a group of patients affected by autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus, and epilepsy (ADCME).MethodsReliable and validated psychodiagnostic scales including the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), STAI-Y1 and 2 (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory — Y; 1 and 2), MMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory — 2), and QoLIE-31 (Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory — 31) were administered to 20 patients with ADCME, 20 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and 20 healthy controls.ResultsThere was a higher prevalence of mood disorders in patients with ADCME compared to patients with JME and healthy controls, particularly depression (p = 0.035 and p = 0.017, respectively) and state anxiety (p = 0.024 and p = 0.019, respectively). Trait anxiety was not different from JME (p = 0.102) but higher than healthy controls (p = 0.017). The myoclonus score positively correlated with both state (rho: 0.58, p = 0.042) and trait anxiety (rho: 0.65, p = 0.011). These psychiatric features were also often associated with pathological traits of personality: paranoid (OR: 25.7, p = 0.003), psychasthenia (OR: 7.0, p = 0.023), schizophrenia (OR: 8.5, p = 0.011), and hypomania (OR: 5.5, p = 0.022). Finally, in patients with ADCME, decreased quality of life correlated with these psychiatric symptoms.SignificancePatients with ADCME show a significant psychiatric burden that impairs their quality of life. A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation should be offered at the time of diagnosis to detect these comorbidities and to treat them. |
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