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Seroepidemiology of ovine toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in breeding rams from Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil
Authors:Paulo Roberto Romanelli,Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de Matos,Fernanda Pinto‐Ferreira,Eloiza Teles Caldart,Marcelle Mareze,Ricardo Luis Nascimento Matos,Roberta Lemos Freire,Regina Mitsuka‐Breganó  ,Selwyn Arlington Headley,Alessandro Pelegrine Minho,Antonio Cezar da Rocha Cavalcante,Werner Okano,Ivo Kohek Jú  nior,Rogerio Oliveira Rodrigues,Italmar Teodorico Navarro
Abstract:This study determined the prevalence of ovine toxoplasmosis and neosporosis and the risk factors associated with the development of these diseases in breeding rams from the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Southern Brazil. Serum samples (n = 1,800) from breeding rams maintained on 705 sheep farms from seven mesoregions were evaluated serologically to detect anti‐IgG Toxoplasma gondii by indirect ELISA and anti‐IgG Neospora caninum by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The prevalence of T. gondii was 33.05% (595/1,800); seropositivity to N. caninum was 18.44% (332/1,800). Additionally, there was simultaneous seropositivity (8.94%;161/1,800) to N. caninum and T. gondii. The variables size of the property (<500 ha) (Prevalence Ratio, PR = 1.36); breeding system (semi‐intensive/intensive) (PR = 1.23); and natural mounting without control (PR = 1.50) were considered as risk factors for the occurrence of T. gondii. Size of the property (<500 ha) (PR = 1.58) and natural mounting without control (PR = 2.32) were risk factors associated with the prevalence of N. caninum in rams. Additionally, separation of ewes prior to parturition was considered as a protective factor for the occurrence of T. gondii (PR = 0.82) and N. caninum (PR = 0.74). These results demonstrated that these two parasitic disease agents are endemic in rams throughout all regions of RS.
Keywords:indirect ELISA     Neospora caninum     risk factors  sheep     Toxoplasma gondii   
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