涡流浴缓解疼痛的疗效与机制研究进展

涡流浴通过旋涡式流体力学与温热效应，调控疼痛闸门，促进血液循环，增加组织延展性，提高痛阈，可缓解骨关节炎疼痛，改善关节僵硬；减轻肌筋膜炎疼痛和焦虑症状；缓解运动后迟发性肌肉酸痛；降低产妇分娩后的痛觉敏感性；联合其他物理治疗，还能改善肩手综合征的肿胀、疼痛和痉挛症状。涡流浴通过外周温度、机械等刺激局部组织，提高血管渗透率，加快疼痛介质代谢，减少伤害性刺激对外周伤害感受器的影响；促进机体产生镇痛物质，调节自主神经系统，调控疼痛闸门，进而缓解疼痛。涡流浴的具体治疗参数在不同研究中区别较大，有待进一步规范。

Advance in Whirlpool Hydrotherapy for Pain (review)

Whirlpool hydrotherapy regulates the threshold through mechanical and thermal effect, promotes blood circulation, increases tissue malleability, and raises pain threshold, to relieve pain. Whirlpool can relieve osteoarthritis pain and improve joint stiffness, relieve myofascial pain and anxiety symptoms, relieve delayed-onset muscle soreness, reduce the sensitivity of pain after delivery. Combined with other physical therapy, it also significantly improves the swelling, pain and spasm of shoulder-hand syndrome. The main mechanism of whirlpool associates with improving the physiological environment of the local tissue, such as increasing the permeability of the vessel, to accelerate the metabolism of the pain media, reduce the nociceptive stimulation on the peripheral receptors; promoting the produce of analgesic substance; regulating the autonomic nervous system and pain gate. However, the specific treatment parameters are different in the studies, which need to be standardized.