间充质干细胞治疗支气管肺发育不良作用机制的研究进展

支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia，BPD）是一种因早产儿肺发育受阻和损伤而导致的慢性肺疾病，是造成早产儿呼吸衰竭的主要病因之一。合并BPD的早产儿其他并发症发生率和病死率显著高于一般早产儿。目前主要通过综合管理对BPD进行干预，包括合理的呼吸循环支持，恰当的肠内、外营养，咖啡因、糖皮质激素及肺表面活性物质等药物的应用和出院后的院外管理。近年来干细胞医学的不断进展为治疗BPD提供了新的思路。多项临床前试验已证实干细胞治疗在有效避免肺损伤的同时促进肺的生长和损伤修复。因此，该文对间充质干细胞治疗BPD的作用机制进行全面分析，以期为临床应用提供依据。

Recent research on the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease due to impaired pulmonary development and is one of the main causes of respiratory failure in preterm infants. Preterm infants with BPD have significantly higher complication and mortality rates than those without BPD. At present, comprehensive management is the main intervention method for BPD, including reasonable respiratory and circulatory support, appropriate enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, application of caffeine/glucocorticoids/surfactants, and out-of-hospital management after discharge. The continuous advances in stem cell medicine in recent years provide new ideas for the treatment of BPD. Various pre-clinical trials have confirmed that stem cell therapy can effectively prevent lung injury and promote lung growth and damage repair. This article performs a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of BPD, so as to provide a basis for clinical applications.