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Association of physical activity on changes in cognitive function: Boston Puerto Rican Health Study |
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| Authors: | Paul D. Loprinzi Tammy M. Scott Toshikazu Ikuta Ovuokerie Addoh Katherine L. Tucker |
| Affiliation: | 1. Exercise &2. Memory Laboratory, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA;3. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA;4. Digital Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA;5. Physical Activity Translational Health Science (PATHs) Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA;6. Center for Population Health, Biomedical &7. Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Boston, USA |
| Abstract: | Objective: To evaluate the association of habitual physical activity engagement on changes in cognitive function among Puerto Rican adults. Methods: Longitudinal data (2-year follow-up) from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study were analyzed (n = 862; mean age = 56.5 year). A daily energy expenditure score was calculated using the number of hours over a 24-h period engaged in various activities, including sleeping, light activity, and moderate-to-vigorous exercise. Energy expenditure estimates were weighted based on the rate of oxygen consumption associated with each activity. Seven cognitive function outcomes were evaluated, including an assessment of general cognitive function, episodic memory, attention and working memory, cognitive flexibility, response inhibition, processing speed, and visuo-spatial organization. From these, overall executive function and memory capacity were derived using principal components analysis. Results: Physical activity was not associated with changes in overall executive function. However, compared to those with low baseline physical activity, those with moderate physical activity had 48% reduced odds of having ≥1 standard deviation decline in memory function (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.84; p = 0.008) in 2 years. Conclusion: Among Puerto Rican adults, physical activity may help attenuate memory decline. |
| Keywords: | Attention exercise executive function memory |