2型糖尿病家系成员牙周状况调查

目的调查2型糖尿病家系成员的牙周状况。方法共收集43个家系167人，男性71人，女性96人，平均年龄为（49.2±12.2）岁]，分别抽取静脉血，并选取每位受检者的6颗代表牙，记录每颗牙的6个位点的菌斑指数（plaque index，PLI）、牙龈出血指数（bleeding index，BI）、牙周探诊深度（probing depth，PD）、附着丧失（attachment loss，AL）并记录总牙数及失牙数。结果43个家系中共有糖尿病患者101例，其中4例全口牙缺失，经牙周病问卷调查显示，均为牙齿松动自行脱落或拔除。97例糖尿病患者均患牙周炎，其中轻度牙周炎50例，中度牙周炎24例，重度牙周炎23例。48例非糖尿病者中牙龈炎5例，轻度牙周炎30例，中度牙周炎11例，重度牙周炎2例。糖尿病患者和非糖尿病者龈炎和轻、中、重度牙周炎患病率差异有统计学意义（X^2=17.96，P〈0.005），糖尿病患者的PD、AL及缺失牙数均高于非糖尿病者，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。血糖控制不良的糖尿病患者BI、AL均显著高于血糖控制良好的糖尿病患者（P〈0.05）。血糖控制良好的糖尿病患者PLI、BI、PD及AL略高于非糖尿病者，但差异无统计学意义。结论在糖尿病家系成员中糖尿病患者的牙周炎患病率明显高于非糖尿病者，牙周破坏程度亦明显重于非糖尿病者；血糖控制良好患者的牙周状况与非糖尿病者相似。

The investigation of the periodontal status of type 2 diabetes mellitus families

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the periodontal status of the family members of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 167 subjects in 43 families of type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study (71 male, 96 female; mean age: 49.2). Periodontal index including probing depth (PD), plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), attachment loss (AL) and the numbers of tooth loss were recorded. RESULTS: Ninty-seven diabetic patients all have periodontitis, 50 mild, 24 moderate and 23 severe periodontitis. Of 48 non-diabetic patients, there are 5 gingivitis, 30 mild, 11 moderate and 2 severe periodontitis. There is statistically significcmt difference in the incidence of gingivitis mild moderate and severe periodontitis between diabetic and non-diabetic patients (chi(2) = 17.96, P < 0.05). The periodontal index PD, AL and numbers of tooth loss in diabetes family members were significantly higher than those of non-diabetes family members (P < 0.05). The clinical parameters were not different between well-controled family member and non-diabetes family member. CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal destruction of diabetes members was more severe than that of non-diabetes members. Diabetes mellitus may be a risk factor for periodontitis.