贫困地区"视觉第一"行动的实用性及多样性

目的:讨论在贫困地区(不发达地区)实施“视觉第一”行动中如何采用多元化的措施以及贴近本地区的社会经济实力达到最佳的效果。方法:①确定需要帮助的人群、帮助的程度、帮助的方法;②阶段性的分层,整群、集团性的行动与长期的、连续的、及时的治疗相结合;③政府性的(残联)、民间性的(慈善团体和个人)、受助对象及家庭、复明主体(医院)的共同努力相结合;④白内障的治疗与其它眼病的防盲治盲相结合;⑤白内障的治疗与预防(改水降低水含氟量)相结合。结果:1997/2001年白内障的复明例数呈几何倍数的增长,白内障的盲目患病率由0.46%下降至0.21%,尤其是近两年手术例数增加了300%,总体盲目率由0.56%下降至0.20%。结论:在“视觉第一”行动中,改变传统模式,最大量发挥政府及全社会的能力,并将这一行动延伸至眼科其它领域,改变该行动定时、定点,缩短复明时间,避免并发症,全程跟踪治疗就能取得科学的满意的效果。

The usefulness and multiplicity of the" First Sight Action" in poverty area

AIM: To investigate how to perform the "First Sight Action" in poverty area with multiple measures and to get the best effect with the least cost. METHODS: (1) To decide the population who need the help most and the degree and measures to help them. (2) To classify the patients and treat them with unified, long-term and continuing medical care. (3) To look for the assistance from government, private or charity groups and link up the patients with hospitals. (4) To combine the treatment of cataract with the prevention of other eye blindness disease. (5) To combine the treatment and prevention of cataract (decrease the fluorine concentration in the drinking water). RESULTS: The cases of patients who got useful sight after the cataract surgeries increased geometrically during 1997/2001. The incidence of blindness due to cataract decreased from 0.46% to 0.21%. However, in recent two years, the numbers of cataract surgeries up-regulated to 300%, and the blindness reduced to 0.20% from 0.56%. CONCLUSION: In the "First Sight Action", we combined the help from government and the private groups, gave patients the continuing medical care with least complications and long-term follow-up, all of which help to reach the successful effect.