沈阳市3～6岁儿童生活作息状况及常见疾病调查

目的:了解沈阳市3~6岁儿童生活作息情况及常见疾病的发生情况。方法:按照整群抽样方法,于2006年5月抽取沈阳市5所幼儿园,对其全部幼儿进行问卷调查。结果:沈阳市3~6岁儿童经常吃早餐比例为93%,不吃早餐者占1%。看电视比例为62.3%,其中男孩为56.6%,女孩为43.4%,男孩明显高于女孩(P<0.01);近100%儿童喜欢看儿童动画片,20%儿童看电视时间超过1 h。睡眠时间在11 h以上者12.4%,有近50%幼儿睡眠时间在10 h以下。1种及1种以上疾病检出率为46.5%,以龋齿检出率最高,为27.6%,其次为肥胖、消化不良和扁桃体肥大等。幼儿补钙比例为86.6%,补锌者为34.3%,补铁者为13.3%,补充健脑保健品者占6.1%。结论:沈阳市3~6岁儿童生活作息状况存在较多问题,常见疾病检出率较高,应及时对家长和幼儿开展健康教育及常见疾病筛查及治疗。

Investigation on daily life system and diseases of children aged 3 - 6 years in Shenyang

Objective To understand the daily life system and diseases of children aged 3 - 6 years in Shenyang. Method A survey of questionnaire was conducted for all children in five kindergarten of Shenyang by whole sampling in May,2006. Results The rate of having breakfast was 93% ,no having breakfast was 1%. The rate of watching TV was 62. 3% ,boys was 56. 6% ,girls was 43.4% ,the difference between the boys and girls was significant （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Almost 100% children liked to watch cartoon, the time of 20% children watching TV was beyond one hour. The sleeping time beyond 11 hours accounted for 12.4% , almost 50% of them was less than 10 hours. The rate of suffering from one or more diseases was 46. 5% ,the highest rate was dental caries ,accounted for 27.6% ,the second was obesity,dyspepsia and adenoids. The rate of supplying calcium was 86.6% ,zinc was 34. 3% ,iron was 13.3% ,and brain health products was 6. 1%. Conclusion There are some problems of daily life system in children aged 3 - 6 years in Shenyang,the rate of suffering from disease was relatively higher, it should be carried out for health education and screen, treatment of diseases among parents and their children.