遗忘型轻度认知功能损害患者大脑皮质结构磁共振成像的改变

目的 运用MRI及FMRIB software library(FSL)和Freesurfer软件包分析技术,研究遗忘型轻度认知功能损害(amnestic mild cognitive impairment,aMCI)患者全脑皮质结构改变情况.方法 对20例aMCI患者和20名年龄、性别、文化程度相匹配的健康志愿者,应用SEMENTS trio3.0 T MRI仪,采用高分辨扫描技术获取大脑精细结构立体像,然后应用FSL软件和Freesurfer软件包进行数据分析和后处理,计算出全脑不同部位皮质密度和厚度,比较aMCI组与健康对照组皮质结构特征的区别.结果 与健康对照组相比,aMCI组的左侧额叶、顶叶、颞叶皮质密度显著降低,右侧丘脑、颞叶及左侧岛叶皮质密度轻度降低;aMCI组左侧前扣带回(2.19±0.24)mm]、顶下小叶(2.27±0.15)mm],双侧海马旁回(2.03±0.15)、(2.04±0.17)mm]、额上回(2.42±0.34)、(2.40±0.28)mm]、额中回(2.31±0.31)、(2.33±0.29)mm]、颞极(3.41±0.68)、(3.30±0.56)mm]、颞横回(2.04±0.12)、(2.01±0.11)mm]、中央前回(2.20±0.11)、(2.31±0.19)mm]、中央后回(1.88±0.11)、(1.82±0.09)mm]、缘上回(2.53±0.33)、(2.55±0.23)mm]的皮质厚度显著降低(t=2.13～3.75,P＜0.05),其余部位无明显改变(t=0.09～1.88,P＞0.05).结论 aMCI患者大脑多个部位存在皮质结构改变,皮质厚度的变薄早于密度的降低.

A magnetic resonance imaging study of the gray matter configuration in amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients

Objective To investigate the cortex gray matter configuration in amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)patients using MRI technology, FMRIB software library(FSL)and Freesurfer software.Methods Twenty aMCI patients and 20 normal control subjects were recruited and studied. They were matched by age, sex and education. All the patients and healthy volunteers underwent MRI scan using SEMENTS trio 3.0 T MRI. The subtile three-dimensional brain images were obtained using high resolution scanning technique. The imaging data was processed and analyzed with FSL and Freesurfer software. The cortex gray matter density and thickness in different brain areas of aMCI patients and normal control subjects were calculated and compared using statistic analysis. Results Compared to that in the controls, cortex gray matter density in the aMCI patients showed remarkable decreases in left frontal lobe, temporal lobe,parietal lobe, and slight decrease in right thalamus, temporal lobe and island lobe; For cortex thickness,aMCI patients showed significant decreases in left anterior cingulate gyrus((2. 19 ±0. 24)mm), inferior parietal lobe((2. 27 ± 0. 15)mm), bilateral parahippocampal gyrus((2. 03 ± 0. 15),(2. 04 ±0. 17)mm), precentral gyrus((2. 20 ± 0. 11),(2. 31 ± 0. 19)mm), postcentral gyrus((1.88 ± 0. 11),(1.82 ± 0. 09)mm), superior frontal gyrus((2. 42 ± 0. 34),(2. 40 ± 0. 28)mm), middle frontal gyrus ((2.31±0.31),(2.33 ±0.29)mm), supramarginal gyrus((2.53 ±0.33),(2.55 ±0.23)mm),temporal pole((3.41 ±0.68),(3.30 ±0.56)mm)and transverse temporal gyrus((2.04 ±0. 12),(2. 01 ± 0. 11)mm; t = 2. 13-3.75, P ＜ 0. 05), no significant changes in the other areas(t = 0. 09-1.88, P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusions Our results suggest that there are significant changes in gray matter configuration in cortex of aMCl patients. The changes of cortical thickness is earlier than the changes of gray matter density.