112例中重度尼古丁依赖吸烟者临床戒断方法分析

目的 分析中重度尼古丁依赖吸烟者不同戒烟方法的临床戒断效果.方法 回顾性分析112例在中日友好医院戒烟门诊就诊的中重度尼古丁依赖吸烟者的戒断方法和不同时期的戒断率.结果 尼古丁替代治疗(nicotine replacement theraphy,NRT)62例,盐酸安非他酮缓释剂治疗11例,盐酸安非他酮缓释剂联合NRT 39例,3个月的戒断率分别为34.7%、34.2%、58.0%,6个月戒断率分别为28.5%、25.2%、43.3%.联合治疗组戒断症状及体质量增加小于单独治疗组(P值均＜0.05).结论 缓释盐酸安非他酮联合NRT戒烟方式更有效,且戒断相关症状少,体质量增加少,复吸率低,单纯使用NRT药物相关不良反应少.对重度尼古丁依赖吸烟者或合并慢性疾病的患者,以及女性或合并抑郁患者,建议联合治疗.此外戒烟过程中行为心理分析及治疗十分重要.

Clinical analysis of methods of smoking cessation in mild-severe nicotine dependance patients

Objective To analyse the effect of the abstinence from cigarettes with sustained-release bupropion combining with nicotine replacement therapy(NRT)or alone.Methods A retrospective analysis WaS conducted on 112 men and women smoking an average of 24 cigarettes per day and exhibiting a fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire score of 6.0,divided into three groups,two groups were given by only NRT or bupropioragrafin,another group was given by sustained-release bupropion combining with NRT.Results Sixty-two cases were given by NRT alone,11 cases were given by bupropion alone and 39 cases were given by sustained-release bupropion combining with NRT.Three months abstinence of the group given by sustained-release bupropion combining with NRT(58.0%)was higher than that of the group given by NRT or bupropion alone(34.7%,34.2%,all P＜0.05),six months'abstinence was respectively 43.3%,28.5%,25.2%.Withdrawal scores and body nlass increased was lower in the group given by sustainedrelease bupropion combining with NRT than those of the group given by NRT or bupropion alone(P＜0.05).Conclusions Sustained-release bupropion combining with NRT for aiding smoking reduction appears tO be safer and more effective than NRT alone,specially in the patients with chronic disease and female and depression.The analysis and intervention of psychological and behavior show more importance.