益阳市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的病原学分析

目的了解湖南省益阳市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的流行病学及病原学特征。方法对收集的761例腹泻标本采用ELISA和RT—PCR方法进行病原体检测。结果761例腹泻标本病毒检出率为45．9％（349／761），4种病毒阳性率分别为轮状病毒（humanrotavirus，HRV）27．7％（211／761），杯状病毒（humancalicivirus，HuCV）11．4％（87／761），腺病毒（adenovirus，ADV）8．0％（61／761），星状病毒（astrovirus，ASTV）4．3％（33／761），其中混合感染17．3％（132／761）。病毒性腹泻好发于6月龄～23月龄婴幼儿（60．5％，316／522），临床表现以水样便（89．2％，679／761），伴呕吐、发热（63．2％，481／761）最常见。结论轮状病毒、杯状病毒、腺病毒和星状病毒是引起益阳市婴幼儿腹泻常见的病原体。〈2岁的婴幼儿是腹泻病毒感染的高危人群。患儿临床症状以水样便，伴呕吐、发热等为主。

The clinical manifestation analysis of infantile viral diarrhea in Yiyang city

Objective To explore the epidemiologic features and clinical manifestation of infantile viral diarrhea in Yingyang city. Methods ELISA and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） were used to detect the pathogens in 761 cases of infant. Results In the 761 infant diarrheal cases, 349 cases were aetiology positive （45.9%）. Positive rates of HRV HuCV, ADV and ASTV were 27.7% , 11.4% , 8.0% and 4. 3% , respectively. Mixed infections were founded in 17.3% of all cases. Infants aged 6-23 months showed the highest incidence rate. The main symptoms were watery stools, vomit and fever. Conclusions Infant is the susceptible population of viral diarrhea. HRV and HuCV were the most important pathogens. Infants aged 〈 2 years are the main infected population. The main symptoms of virus diarrhea were watery stool, accompanying with vomiting and fever.