静脉留置针对兔耳缘静脉血栓形成及血浆组织因子与血管性假血友病因子水平的影响

目的:观察静脉留置针于兔耳缘静脉置管不同时间的血栓形成情况,同时检测血浆组织因子(TF)和血管性假血友病因子(vWF)水平变化,探讨留置针致静脉血栓形成的机制。方法:50只新西兰兔随机分成5组:即正常对照组、置管1天组、置管3天组、置管5天组、置管7天组。取兔右耳外侧耳缘静脉留置针置管输液,每日经留置针输入生理盐水20ml。于置管第2天、第4天、第6天和第8天分别取各组兔耳输液血管组织行HE染色,观察病理形态学变化和血管内血栓形成情况;同时经颈静脉取血,ELISA检测血浆TF和vWF水平变化。结果:正常对照组兔耳缘静脉血管壁完整,无血栓形成,但置管3天组、5天组、7天组血管壁完整性出现不同程度损害,有明显血栓形成,血栓形成率分别为30%、70%、80%。与正常对照组相比,置管3天组、5天组、7天组血浆TF和vWF水平显著升高(p0.05)。结论:静脉留置针置管3天以上可致部分实验动物血栓形成,其机制可能与其血浆TF和vWF水平升高有关。

Effects of Intravenous Catheters on Thrombogenesis in Rabbit Ear Vein and Expression of Plasma Tissue Factor and von Willebrand Factor

Objective:To explore the expression of plasma tissue factor(TF)and von Willebrand factor(vWF)and thrombogenesis of rabbit ear vein caused by intravenous catheter.Method:50New Zealand rabbits were divided into five groups:control group,1-day group,3-day group,5-day group and 7-day group.Intravenous catheter was put in right ear vein of each rabbit,then was infused 20ml physiological saline through the catheter once daily.Ear veins where the intravenous catheters were detained and harvested on the 2rd,4th,6th and 8th,and hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE)was made to observe pathological changes and thrombogenesis.Meanwhile,blood samples were taken through jugular vein and the levels of plasma TF and vWF were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:In the normal control group,ear vein vascular wall was integrity and no thrombosis,but in 3-day group,5-day group and 7-day group,vessel wall appeared different degree of damage and there were obvious thrombosis.Thrombosis rates were 30%,70%,80% respectively.Plasma TF and vWF levels in 3-day group,5-day group and 7-day group were significantly higher than these in the normal control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Venous indwelling needle for more than 3days can cause some experimental animal thrombosis,and its mechanism may be associated with increased levels of plasma TF and vWF.