补充富含类胡萝卜素的蔬菜对儿童维生素A营养状况的影响

于１９９６年９月～１２月在山东省泰安市某幼儿园的两个班使用富含类胡萝卜素的蔬菜进行了干预试验。所选择两个班４１名儿童的平均年龄为５．３～６．５岁，其中３９％的儿童血清视黄醇低于０．３０ｍｇ／Ｌ，处于边缘缺乏状态。分为２个组：对照组，不改变日常膳食，平均每日每人摄入１９３ｇ浅色蔬菜（圆白菜、大白菜、土豆、黄瓜、菜花和白萝卜等）和５６ｇ黄绿色蔬菜（菠菜、空心菜、胡萝卜和红心红薯等）；试验组，平均每日每人摄入２３８ｇ黄绿色蔬菜和３４ｇ浅色蔬菜。结果表明膳食中黄绿色蔬菜对改善学龄前儿童的维生素Ａ营养有重要影响，且安全、廉价。

Vegetables rich in carotenoids on the vitamin A status of children

Vitamin A (VA) deficiency is still an important nutritional problem in our country. In order to determine whether plant carotenoids ingestion can improve VA nutrition, a study by using yellow and dark green vegetables was conducted in two classes of a kindergarten for ten weeks in September through December in 1996. The VA nutritional status was marginal to adequate among 41 children (5.3-6.6 year-old), and serum retinols in 39% of these children were below 0.30 mg/L. Each child in class A was provided with about 238 g/d of green and yellow vegetables (spinach, Chinese chive, carrots, and red yams) and 34 g/d of light colored vegetables (cabbage, Chinese cabbage, potato, cucumber, turnip and winter melon). Each child in class B consumed the usual diet with only 56 g/d of green and yellow vegetables and 193 g/d of light colored vegetables. Serum retinol concentration collected before and after the intervention were used to assess VA nutritional status. The results showed that vitamin A nutrition was improved by increasing the intake of green and yellow vegetables. Serum retinol was sustained in the group fed green and yellow vegetables and decreased in the group fed light colored vegetables. Thus, dietary green and yellow vegetables could provide adequate VA nutrition in these children.